MCAT Psych AAMC FL1 Exam 2024

MCAT Psych AAMC FL1 Exam 2024 primacy effect -Answer-phenomenon that we are more likely to recall information at the beginning state-dependent effect -Answer-phenomenon through which memory retrieval is most efficient when an individual is in the SAME state of consciousness as when the memory was formed misinformation effect -Answer-errors in memory that occur when new information influences existing memories dual-coding theory -Answer-*Paivio* attempts to give equal weight to semantic and visual processing dual-coding hypothesis -Answer-hypothesis that is easier to remember words with associated images than either words or images alone spreading of activation theory -Answer-when a concept is activated, the activation spreads to concepts that are semantically or associatively related to it. Thus, people often retrieve unpresented members of a category when tested on their memory for a series of presented concepts from that category memory for locations is influenced by -Answer-categorical knowledge Piaget's sensorimotor stage (ages) -Answer-0-2 Piaget's preoperational stage (ages) -Answer-2-7 Piaget's concrete operation stage (ages) -Answer-7-11 Piaget's formal operational stage (ages -Answer-12-adulthood Integrity vs despair -Answer-(65+) looks back with no regrets and feels personal worth Trust/mistrust -Answer-(0-1) child's physical and emotional needs must be met Autonomy vs shame & doubt -Answer-(1-3) explores, make mistakes, and test limits Initiative vs guilt -Answer-(3-6) able to make basic decisions for self Industry vs inferiority -Answer-(6-12) must learn gender identity, school success, attain personal goals, understand the world Identify vs role confusion -Answer-(12-20) identity, goals, life meaning, limit-testing Intimacy vs isolation -Answer-(20-40) form intimate relationships Generativity vs stagnation -Answer-(40-65) must help next generation and resolve difference between dreams and accomplishments psychodynamic -Answer- behaviorist -Answer-focuses on the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior trait -Answer- humanistic -Answer- unconditioned stimuli -Answer-stimuli that automatically triggers a response conditioned stimuli -Answer-acquired stimuli unconditioned responses -Answer-natural reactions conditioned responses -Answer-learned reactions discriminatory stimuli -Answer-the cue (stimulus) that is present when the behavior is reinforced signaling stimuli -Answer-neutral stimuli (does not produce a reflexive response) that have the potential to be used as conditioned stimuli positive punishers -Answer-add aversive stimuli, weaken response negative punishers -Answer-remove positive stimulus, weaken response interoceptive awareness -Answer-increased sensitivity to internal bodily sensations, such as heartbeat and blood pressured, which are regulated by the autonomic nervous system reticular activation system -Answer- autonomic nervous system -Answer- limbic system -Answer- somatic nervous system -Answer- classical conditioning -Answer-a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli, result in the changing of one stimuli operant conditioning -Answer-uses reinforcement and punishment to elicit a certain behavior top-down processes -Answer-filter and interpret bottom-up stimuli in light of preexisting knowledge and expectations affective processes -Answer-feelings and responses, positive or negative, related to emotion- laden behavior, knowledge, or beliefs physiological processes -Answer-? cognitive processes -Answer-processes that involve changes in an individual's *thought, intelligence, and language* correlational studies -Answer-examine how variables are naturally related in the real world case studies -Answer-a research method that involves the intensive examination of unusual people or organizations longitudinal studies -Answer-research in w