Test Bank Social Psychology, 11th edition Aronson, Wilson, Sommers,

Test Bank Social Psychology, 11th edition Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Chapter 1 Introducing Social Psychology Total Assessment Guide (TAG) Topic Question Type Remember the Facts Understand the Concepts Apply What You Know Analyze It Introduction Multiple Choice Essay Defining Social Psychology Multiple Choice 2, 11, 12, 13, 19, 26, 29, 30, 31, 41, 43, 58, 59, 60 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 46, 52, 53, 55, 57, 63 5, 8, 9, 21, 22, 27, 28, 35, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 56, 61, 62 36, 37, 45 Essay 176, 177, 180 178, 179 The Power of the Situation Multiple Choice 64, 66, 70, 71, 72, 78, 79, 84, 89, 95, 98, 104, 107, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 120, 124 74, 80, 86, 87, 93, 94, 110, 111, 119, 125 65, 67, 68, 69, 73, 75, 77, 81, 82, 83, 85, 88, 90, 91, 92, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 105, 106, 108, 109, 121, 122, 123, 126 76, 112 Essay 181, 182, 183, 185 184 Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives Multiple Choice 127, 129, 133, 135, 136, 137, 149, 154, 156, 157, 161 130, 143, 148, 150, 151, 155, 158, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 167 128, 131, 132, 134, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 152, 153, 162, 165 Essay 187, 189, Why Study Social Psychology? Multiple Choice 168, 172 169, 170, 171, 173, 175 174 Essay 191 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCING SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition Multiple Choice Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. In the introduction to Chapter 1, you read about a number of social phenomena: selfless and selfish actions performed during the COVID pandemic; a sister and brother disagreed on the attractiveness of the same fraternity; and more than 800 people committed mass suicide in Jonestown, Guyana. What do these examples have in common? a. They defy explanation. b. They describe socially deviant behavior. c. They reveal the power of social influence. d. They reflect the operation of deliberate persuasion attempts. Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 2. The scientific study of the way in which people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people is the definition of . a. psychology b. personality psychology c. social psychology d. sociology Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 3. Social psychology is the study of how affect(s) the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of humans. a. live social interactions with other humans b. the presence of real or imagined other people c. other living things d. perceptions of the social world Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 4. Which of the following is an example of social influence? a. You concoct a convincing lie to tell your professor about why your assignment was late. b. When you get hungry, you have trouble concentrating. c. You didn’t do well on an exam because you stayed up all night cramming. d. You almost fall asleep while driving, so you pull to the side of the road to take a short nap. 2 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 5. E’Lisha agrees to spend all day Saturday helping her friend complete her chores, even though she doesn’t want to, had other plans, and doesn’t even like her friend all that much. It’s likely E’Lisha’s friend used the skillful application of to get her to agree to help. a. social influence b. her mere presence c. obedience d. threat Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 6. Which example illustrates a direct persuasion attempt? a. A bully threatens Billy and steals his lunch money. b. Ramona works hard in school to make her mother proud. c. Felipe thinks of his ex-boyfriend and becomes sad. d. Jason moves from New York to Atlanta and develops a Southern accent. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 7. Not all social influence is direct or deliberate. Compared to the others, which example BEST illustrates indirect or subtle social influence? a. An nationwide advertising campaign is launched to promote a new soft drink. b. A senatorial candidate delivers a speech to convince voters that she is not really liberal. c. A parent disciplines a child by taking away a favorite toy. d. A child sees other kids wearing their T-shirts inside out and starts wearing a T-shirt the same way. Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 8. From across the room, Xiao sees his mother sigh, and he approaches to give her a hug in hopes of cheering her up. In this case, Xiao’s behavior is an example of a(n) social influence attempt. a. direct b. ineffective c. indirect d. unintended Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult 3 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 9. Jada gives Winston her dessert at lunch because she wants him to like her. Jada’s behavior is an example of . a. social cognition b. a direct social influence attempt c. a construal d. the fundamental attribution error Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 10. Which of the following is an example of social influence? a. A boy plays basketball in the schoolyard during recess. b. Your child tells you she likes participating in art at school, but she doesn’t like participating in math. c. You cover your mouth when you cough because you don’t want to spread germs. d. You perceive the bathwater as hot when you first get in but don’t notice the temperature ten minutes later. Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 11. When social psychologists conduct research, they seek to answer their questions of interest by using experimentation and measurement. By doing so, they are asking questions. a. empirical b. unsolvable c. common sense d. philosophical Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 12. Rather than relying on the personal opinions of others, Dr. Miyaka wants to answer research questions using experimentation and measurement. Dr. Miyaka is interested in asking questions. a. intuitive b. rhetorical c. empirical d. contemplative Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 13. How do philosophers and social psychologists differ in their approach to understanding human behavior? 4 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition a. Social psychologists, like all scientists, rely on experimentation and measurement to answer empirical questions, whereas philosophers typically do not. b. Philosophers tend to answer important questions about the origins of human behavior, whereas social psychologists tend to focus on simpler behaviors. c. Social psychologists rely on folk wisdom, popular consensus, and personal opinions to derive an answer to their questions of interest; philosophers rely on direct empirical evidence. d. Philosophers generally agree with one another in their conclusions, whereas disagreements among social psychologists mean few advances have been made over the years. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 14. The philosopher Benedict (Baruch) de Spinoza proposed the idea that when you love someone whom you used to hate, you . a. love that person more strongly than if hatred had not preceded the love b. love that person less strongly because hatred preceded the love c. cannot ever love that person fully d. will always question the sincerity of the love Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 15. Why do social psychologists tend to not just simply ask people about the reasons driving their behavior? a. there is clear evidence that the vast majority of people lie about their behavior when asked by a researcher b. social psychologists rely on logic and deduction to answer their questions of interest; they wouldn’t bother to ask people such a question about their behaviors c. people might not know, might not want to tell, or might not understand the reasons for their own behavior d. social psychologists are only interested in group behavior, rather than the behavior of individuals Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 16. Juano thinks the idea that “birds of a feather flock together” has more merit than “opposites attract,” so he designs an experiment to test his hypothesis and identify the conditions under which this assumption might be correct. Juano is most likely a . a. personality psychologist b. social psychologist c. sociologist d. journalist Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 5 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition 17. Social psychology is set apart from other ways of interpreting social behavior, such as folk wisdom or literature, because it is . a. based on meditations about human nature b. an experimental science c. a purely theoretical science d. reliant on popular opinion Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 18. How do social psychologists differ from those who rely on common sense or folk wisdom in answering questions about human nature? Social psychologists . a. seldom disagree with one another b. ignore the notion of human consciousness c. use science to test hypotheses about the social world d. rely primarily on their own personal insights Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 19. Folk wisdom is considered to be a form of . a. empirical research b. self-consciousness c. common sense d. scientific explanation Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 20. Birds of a feather sometimes do flock together, and sometimes they do not. Opposites might attract under some circumstances and might not attract under others. Clarifying when, how, or why social behaviors take place reflects the importance of identifying a. the convergence of popular opinion that results in folk wisdom. b. universal laws of behavior. c. the conditions under which a behavior is likely to be seen. d. when philosophical explanations of behavior are correct. Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 21. Jamal was confused by his sister’s relationship with her boyfriend. They just didn’t seem to have anything in common. “Oh well,” Jamal figured, “I guess opposites really do attract.” Jamal’s explanation is an example of . 6 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition a. folk wisdom b. philosophy c. sociology d. social psychology Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 22. Angelo isn’t sure if he wants to date Marisol, with whom he shares many similarities, or Evangeline, who is very different from him. His friend says, “Opposites attract” and advises him to date Evangeline. But his brother says, “Birds of a feather flock together” and suggests that he pursue Marisol. This best exemplifies that . a. folk wisdom is often full of contradictions b. folk wisdom is usually wrong c. folk wisdom oversimplifies complex situations d. common sense is an individual difference Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 23. What role can folk wisdom play in social psychology? a. The two approaches are unrelated. b. It provides many ideas or hypotheses for scientific investigation. c. It has been completely disproven by scientific research. d. It tends to be more accurate and useful than social psychological research. Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 24. Why is a scientific approach preferable to reliance on folk wisdom and common sense? a. Common sense approaches focus on the situation and not on the personality of the people involved. b. Nothing useful can be learned from journalists, philosophers, or social critics. c. Science has tested and debunked most folk wisdom. d. Folk wisdom and common sense are filled with contradictions. Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 25. Why is conducting research in social psychology so challenging? a. Research results rarely allow social psychologists to draw any conclusions about behavior. b. Psychologists cannot study common sense because it is rarely expressed in observable behavior. c. Research in social psychology relies on self-report data, which is inherently inaccurate. d. Psychologists are attempting to predict the behavior of highly sophisticated organisms in complex situations. 7 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 26. In the context of social psychology, evolutionary theory is used to explain . a. social behavior in terms of genetic factors that have evolved over time b. how humans utilize societies to target changes in their behaviors c. how the brain drives changing behaviors in a hostile environment d. how personality remains the same throughout the life span Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 27. A social psychologist asks, “Are there social behaviors that have genetic determinants that evolve through the process of natural selection?” This question is based in the perspective. a. sociological b. personality psychology c. evolutionary d. folk wisdom Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 28. Dr. Ramirez believes that, over time, men have developed an attraction to women who have a body type that will successfully support pregnancy or reproduction. Dr. Ramirez is most likely taking a(n) perspective on social psychology. a. biological b. evolutionary c. personality d. sociological Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 29. What is the best way to apply evolutionary theory to current social psychological concepts? a. Create novel hypotheses that can be tested experimentally b. Use intricate brain-scanning techniques to record social perceptions as they happen c. Understand how personality drives decision-making in the presence of others d. Test how environmental cues affect how we behave in groups Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know 8 Copyright © 2023, 2016, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Aronson, Wilson, Sommers, Page-Gould, Lewis, Jr.: Social Psychology, 11th edition APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 30. What is a limitation of applying evolutionary theory to social psychology? a. Evolutionary psychology is not a widely accepted perspective in psychology. b. Most researchers believe that evolution is not related to social behavior. c. Evolutionary psychology can only predict changes in genetics. d. There are debates about whether it is testable using the experimental method. Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 31. Amber and Julio are friends, but they differ in how neat they keep their rooms. According to personality psychologists, the distinction between the friends can be referred to as a(n) . a. hypothesis b. social influence c. direct persuasion attempt d. individual difference Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 32. Professor Takahami is a personality psychologist interested in understanding divorce. Compared to the others, which question is Dr. Takahami most likely to investigate? a. Have the changing social roles of women contributed to divorce? b. How does relationship satisfaction relate to divorce? c. Are some types of people more likely to divorce than others? d. Does the presence of children in a relationship reduce the likelihood of divorce? Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Define social psychology and distinguish it from other disciplines. Topic: Defining Social Psychology Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.