Nutrition NCLEX - Questions With Correct Answers
The nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about foods
she should include in the diet. The nurse determines that the client
understands the dietary modifications if which items are selected from the
menu?
1. Nuts and milk
2. Coffee and tea
3. Cooked rolled oats and fish
4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables Correct Ans - 4. Oranges
and dark green leafy vegetables
Dark green leafy vegetables are a good source of iron, and oranges are a
good source of vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption. All other
options are not food sources that are high in iron and vitamin C.
The nurse is planning to teach a client with malabsorption syndrome about
the necessity of following a low-fat diet. The nurse develops a list of high-
fat foods to avoid and should include which food items on the list? Select all
that apply.
1. Oranges
2. Broccoli
3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
6. Broiled haddock Correct Ans - 3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do not come
from animal sources. Broiled haddock is also naturally lower in fat.
Margarine, cream cheese, and luncheon meats are high-fat foods.
The nurse instructs a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving
hemodialysis about dietary modifications. The nurse determines that the
client understands these dietary modifications if the client selects which
items from the dietary menu?
,1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice
4. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice Correct Ans - 1.
Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
The diet for a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving
hemodialysis should include controlled amounts of sodium, phosphorus,
calcium, potassium, and fluids, which is indicated in the correct option. The
food items in the remaining options are high in sodium, phosphorus, or
potassium.
The nurse is conducting a dietary assessment on a client who is on a vegan
diet. The nurse provides dietary teaching and should focus on foods high in
which vitamin that may be lacking in a vegan diet?
1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B12
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin E Correct Ans - 2. Vitamin B12
Vegans do not consume any animal products. Vitamin B12 is found in
animal products and therefore would most likely be lacking in a vegan diet.
Vitamins A, C, and E are found in fresh fruits and vegetables, which are
consumed in a vegan diet.
A client with hypertension has been told to maintain a diet low in sodium.
The nurse who is teaching this client about foods that are allowed should
include which food item in a list provided to the client?
1. Tomato soup
2. Boiled shrimp
3. Instant oatmeal
4. Summer squash Correct Ans - 4. Summer squash
Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables (summer
squash) because they do not contain physiological saline. Highly processed
or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal) are higher in sodium
, unless their food labels specifically state "low sodium." Saltwater fish and
shellfish are high in sodium.
A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. The nurse
should provide the client with which items that are allowed to be
consumed on this diet? Select all that apply.
1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
4. Pudding
5. Vegetable juice
6. Pureed vegetables Correct Ans - 1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent to light
and are clear and liquid at room and body temperature. These foods
include items such as water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages,
gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee
or tea. The incorrect food items are items that are allowed on a full liquid
diet.
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension on the importance of
choosing foods low in sodium. The nurse should teach the client to limit
intake of which food?
1. Apples
2. Bananas
3. Smoked salami
4. Steamed vegetables Correct Ans - 3. Smoked salami
Smoked foods are high in sodium, which is noted in the correct option. The
remaining options are fruits and vegetables, which are low in sodium.
A client who is recovering from surgery has been advanced from a clear
liquid diet to a full liquid diet. The client is looking forward to the diet
change because he has been "bored" with the clear liquid diet. The nurse
should offer which full liquid item to the client?
The nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about foods
she should include in the diet. The nurse determines that the client
understands the dietary modifications if which items are selected from the
menu?
1. Nuts and milk
2. Coffee and tea
3. Cooked rolled oats and fish
4. Oranges and dark green leafy vegetables Correct Ans - 4. Oranges
and dark green leafy vegetables
Dark green leafy vegetables are a good source of iron, and oranges are a
good source of vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption. All other
options are not food sources that are high in iron and vitamin C.
The nurse is planning to teach a client with malabsorption syndrome about
the necessity of following a low-fat diet. The nurse develops a list of high-
fat foods to avoid and should include which food items on the list? Select all
that apply.
1. Oranges
2. Broccoli
3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
6. Broiled haddock Correct Ans - 3. Margarine
4. Cream cheese
5. Luncheon meats
Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do not come
from animal sources. Broiled haddock is also naturally lower in fat.
Margarine, cream cheese, and luncheon meats are high-fat foods.
The nurse instructs a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving
hemodialysis about dietary modifications. The nurse determines that the
client understands these dietary modifications if the client selects which
items from the dietary menu?
,1. Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
2. Sausage and eggs, banana, orange juice
3. Bacon, cantaloupe melon, tomato juice
4. Cured pork, grits, strawberries, orange juice Correct Ans - 1.
Cream of wheat, blueberries, coffee
The diet for a client with chronic kidney disease who is receiving
hemodialysis should include controlled amounts of sodium, phosphorus,
calcium, potassium, and fluids, which is indicated in the correct option. The
food items in the remaining options are high in sodium, phosphorus, or
potassium.
The nurse is conducting a dietary assessment on a client who is on a vegan
diet. The nurse provides dietary teaching and should focus on foods high in
which vitamin that may be lacking in a vegan diet?
1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin B12
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin E Correct Ans - 2. Vitamin B12
Vegans do not consume any animal products. Vitamin B12 is found in
animal products and therefore would most likely be lacking in a vegan diet.
Vitamins A, C, and E are found in fresh fruits and vegetables, which are
consumed in a vegan diet.
A client with hypertension has been told to maintain a diet low in sodium.
The nurse who is teaching this client about foods that are allowed should
include which food item in a list provided to the client?
1. Tomato soup
2. Boiled shrimp
3. Instant oatmeal
4. Summer squash Correct Ans - 4. Summer squash
Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables (summer
squash) because they do not contain physiological saline. Highly processed
or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal) are higher in sodium
, unless their food labels specifically state "low sodium." Saltwater fish and
shellfish are high in sodium.
A postoperative client has been placed on a clear liquid diet. The nurse
should provide the client with which items that are allowed to be
consumed on this diet? Select all that apply.
1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
4. Pudding
5. Vegetable juice
6. Pureed vegetables Correct Ans - 1. Broth
2. Coffee
3. Gelatin
A clear liquid diet consists of foods that are relatively transparent to light
and are clear and liquid at room and body temperature. These foods
include items such as water, bouillon, clear broth, carbonated beverages,
gelatin, hard candy, lemonade, ice pops, and regular or decaffeinated coffee
or tea. The incorrect food items are items that are allowed on a full liquid
diet.
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension on the importance of
choosing foods low in sodium. The nurse should teach the client to limit
intake of which food?
1. Apples
2. Bananas
3. Smoked salami
4. Steamed vegetables Correct Ans - 3. Smoked salami
Smoked foods are high in sodium, which is noted in the correct option. The
remaining options are fruits and vegetables, which are low in sodium.
A client who is recovering from surgery has been advanced from a clear
liquid diet to a full liquid diet. The client is looking forward to the diet
change because he has been "bored" with the clear liquid diet. The nurse
should offer which full liquid item to the client?
