Social Work License (MSW Exam) Latest Update Graded A+

Social Work License (MSW Exam) Latest Update Graded A+ Piaget (Adaptations, Assimilation and Accommodation) 0-1 Sensory-Motor 2-4 Preoperational Period 5-7 " 8-12 Concrete Operations period 13-18 formal Operations period 19-21 21 + 50 + Freud (Libido) 0-1 Oral 2-4 Anal Oedipal/Phallic 8-12 Latency 13-18 Genital 19-21 " 21+ " 50 + " Erickson (Stage conflict) 0-1 Trust vs. Mistrust (stage #1) 2-4 Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (stage #2) 5-7 Initiative vs. Guilt (stage #3) 8-12 Industry vs. Inferiority (stage #4) 13-18 Identity vs. Role Diffusion, confusion (stage #5) 19-21 Intimacy Vs. Isolation (stage #6) 21 + Generativity vs. Stagnation (stage #7) 50 + Integrity vs. Despair (stage #8) Trust vs. Mistrust (stage 1) 0-1 During infancy (0-1) the child is dependent on mother for food and care. As the child incorporates or takes in through sucking and swallowing; there is a receptivity to what is being offered. The mother is responsible for coordinating the child's experience of getting and hers of giving. At the latter part of this stage the child's eyes begin to focus and incorporation becomes more active as the child bites to "hold onto" things. If the mother provides a predictable environment in which the child's needs are met, a sense of basic trust will develop. This sense of trust implies not only sameness and continuity from the caretaker, but also self-trust in one's capacity to cope with urges. According to Erickson, it is the quality rather than the quantity of maternal care that is critical at this stage. Successful resolution will lead to a lasting ego quality of hope, an enduring belief that wishes can be fulfilled. Unsuccessful resolution will lead to a sense of mistrust in other people and the environment. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (stage 2) 2-3 During early childhood (2-3) the child learns a sense of autonomy through retention and elimination of urine and feces. As the child's muscles mature to the point that bodily wastes can be retained or expelled at will, the child experiments with two simultaneous social modalities "holding on" and "letting go." Parents must be firm and tolerant so that the child can gradually learn bowel and bladder control and a "sense of self-control without loss of self esteem." From this emerges a sense of autonomy and pride, and the lasting ego quality of WILL POWER, the determination to use free choice and self-restraint. Unsuccessful resolution of this stage will lead to lifelong feelings of shame and doubt. Initiative vs. Guilt (stage 3) 3-5 During the play age (3-5), increased locomotor mastery (walking and running) gives the child a wider radius of goals. In addition, language skills add to the ability to imagine "so many things he cannot avoid frightening himself with what he himself has created and thought up." The Oedipal wishes and the ambivalent feelings that accompany them must be repressed in order to temporarily mask the initiative toward the opposite sex parent. While this initiative is a prerequisite for masculine and feminine behaviors later in life, it is now repressed of necessity-in order to avoid the guilt that would accompany knowledge of incestuous thoughts. Parents assist the child in learning appropriate roles, including gender roles, as the child diverts the sexual drive into acceptable activities. At this point conscience, or superego, becomes established to govern the initiative. Proper resolution of this stage leads to a lasting ego quality of purpose, the courage to pursue goals. Unsuccessful resolution leads to feeling of shame. Industry vs. Inferiority (stage 4) 6-12 The child now enters the school age (6-12) and is enmeshed in the "world" of school and opportunities for new types of mastery. As children develop their abilities in new skills and tasks, they desire recognition gained from producing things. Through this, they develop a sense of industry and a lasting ego quality of competence. Unsuccessful resolution of this stage leads to life long feelings of inferiority and inadequacy. Identity vs. Role Confusion (stage 5) 12-18 As the child approaches adolescence (12-18 or so), physical and hormonal changes mark the beginning of puberty. Rapid growth and physical genital maturity disrupt the earlier continuity