ATLS test exam (Questions and Answers A+ Graded 100% Verified)

ATLS test exam (Questions and Answers A+ Graded 100% Verified) When something crashes in secondary survey, you... ANSWER: GO BACK TO PRIAMRY SURVEY If the question says you do not have capabilities, you will most likely ANSWER: PREPARE FOR AND DO NOT DELAY TRANSPORT How much blood can femur lose ANSWER: 2L What is always going to be the shock type to pick ANSWER: Hemorrhagic What are the classes of hemorrhagic shock ANSWER: 0-15% is class 1 15-30 is class 2 30-40% is class 3 >40% is class 4 What is the EARLIEST predictor of shock at what class ANSWER: Narrowed pulse pressure in class 2 What will be base deficit for class 2 shock? ANSWER: -2 to -6 meQ What will be the deficit for class 4? ANSWER: -10 or less When will urine output start to decrease in shock? ANSWER: Class 3 and 4 When does BP start to fall in shock ANSWER: Class 3 What is GCS? ANSWER: E-4 V-5 M-6 Eye spont 4 To command 3 To pain 2 None 1 Verbal spont is 5 Verbal confused is 4 Inappropriate 3 Garbling is 2 None is 1 Motor spont is 6 Localize pain is 5 Withdrawal pain is 4 Decorticating (flexion) is 3 Decebrate (extension) is 2 None is 1 Two main reasons to think about why GCS goes down? ANSWER: TBI Hemorrhagic shock Why do you want to put in chest tube before needle decompression? ANSWER: SIMPLE PTX can turn into TENSION PTX When is DPL useful over fast? ANSWER: No ultrasound available. What is LEMON for airway patency ANSWER: Look Evaluate Malay-ATI Obstruction Neck mobility What is DEFINITIVE airway? ANSWER: Tube in trachea BELOW vocal cords WHEN is surgical airway indicated? ANSWER: When you CANNOT do any other form of airway (2 attempts typically) What is contraindicated with suspicion of basilar skull frx? ANSWER: OPA, put in gastric tube for suction because it can go through up into cranium thru cribiform plate Peds kid with bicycle trauma is most likely goin to be? ANSWER: PANCREATIC injury Organ tear is more common with? ANSWER: Penetrating injury What type of pelvic fracture is binder indicated in ANSWER: Open book If there is BLOOD at the meatus, then what do you need to do? ANSWER: RUG first, because if you do a cyst gram you will be spilling into the abd cavity If patient is unstable, free air/blood on CT, peritoneal signs yield what? ANSWER: EMERGENT laparotomy What lab value is good for assessing hydration in burn patient? ANSWER: URINE OUTPUT How do you determine difference between PTX and tamponade? ANSWER: BREATH SOUNDS Blowing air leak on chest tube is sign of? ANSWER: TRACHEOBRONCHIAL RUPTURE Bowel sounds on chest auscultation are reflective of ANSWER: Diaphragm injury Apical capping and widened mediastinum are reflective of what? ANSWER: Aortic trauma Circumferential burn? ANSWER: Escharotomy What is main goal of priamry brain injury? ANSWER: Preventing secondary brain injury 2 big causes of secondary brain injury? ANSWER: HYPOVOLEMIA and HYPOXEMIA Girl falls on her head, loses consciousness, and is now unstable. What kind of hematoma is this? ANSWER: EPIDURAL, *lucid interval* is common between time of injury and presentation What is more common, subdural or epidural ANSWER: Subdural What is considered mid TBI? ANSWER: 13-15 T/o secondary management of mild TBI? ANSWER: CT repeat if first is abnormal OR GCS persists at under 15. Serial exams Initial management of TBI? ANSWER: elevate head NS (3%) Indications of transport to higher Level of care with TBI? ANSWER: Worsening GCS, GCS <8. Lesions on CT Above what level can you get neurogenic shock ANSWER: T6 Description of neurogenic shock patient? ANSWER: What is bulbovesicular reflex indicative of? ANSWER: NOT qualify as sacral sparing. If there is ANY motor or sensory function below level of injury, constitutes as incomplete injury and should be documented appropriately T/F: Stridor is LATE finding of airway damage in burn pt? ANSWER: TRUE Initial management of burn? ANSWER: DRY dressing. NOT moist! Transfer indications for burn? ANSWER: Partial thickness >40% BSA What is dark urine reflective of in burn pt? ANSWER: RHABDO What do you constantly need to replenish burn pt? ANSWER: Cellular losses 2/2 inflammation What is GOAL urine output in burn? ANSWER: 3-50mL per hour, BEST assessment of hydration What do you need to monitor for with rewarming in hypothermia ANSWER: ARRYTHMIA MCC of cardiac arrest in kids? ANSWER: HYPOXIA If you fail an IV in a kid what is next step? ANSWER: IO What is crystalloid infusion unit for kids ANSWER: 20/kg Two MCC of geriatric injuries? ANSWER: FALL, MVC