MTTC School Counselor 51 Study Prep All Possible Questions and Answers with complete solution

Career Clusters - Answer Established by the United States government that consists of 16 groups created to aid vocational educators, who may be overwhelmed by the variety of potential careers and can benefit from a system of summary; The government has developed extensive paperwork for each group; often vocational teachers will administer questionnaires to students to help assist students -- groups: agriculture and natural resources; arts/audio/video tech and communications; architecture and construction; business/administration; education/training; finance; government and public admin; health science; hospitality and tourism; human services; IT services; law and public safety; manufacturing; retail/wholesale sales and services; scientific research and engineering; transportation distribution and logistics Vocational education - Answer The training of individuals to perform certain jobs; these schools may work in conjunction with local industries to tailor the students' education to the anticipated job market; designed to enhance the entire life of the worker Vocational Education Act of 1963 - Answer Also called the Carl D. Perkins Act of 1963, broadened the government's conception of vocational education; created to improve the basic skills of the labor force and prepare students for the job market by enhancing vocational education; established procedures to provide part-time employment to students, and established a federal advisory council on vocational education; established work-study programs enabling students to get real-life experience while earning some school credit; Some amendments made to this act in 1968 include direct support for cooperative education and a renewed emphasis on postsecondary education, and new provisions for funding an expanded vocational curriculum Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act of 1990 - Answer Integrated academic and vocational studies, and funded better technology in vocational classrooms and better cooperation between the business and education communities Cooperative education - Answer A method of providing students with academic instruction and practical, hands-on experience at the same time; gives students the chance to earn valuable training without sacrificing their education in other areas; research shows that it increases motivation and clarifies career choices for students; for employers, this helps create a trained workforce and gives business some control over school curricula; however, this is still stigmatized as "non-academic" by some and may isolate students from the academic community at large Individual sessions - Answer School counselors should try to schedule these sessions at times that are least intrusive to the academic day, and what is most sensitive to student nuances (EX: some students may be more receptive after school hours than during the middle of the day); the counselor should honor the needs of the student while developing and implementing therapeutic goalsIntervention - Answer The procedure entails setting goals, designing intervention strategies towards achieving those goals, and evaluating the success of the intervention; One of the first considerations is the students developmental stage, as well as the social and environmental settings and contexts Solution-Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC) - Answer A brief-counseling method often indicated in schools that have regimented time constraints; The first session is to present the basic goals and premises of this type of counseling; inform the student that questions will be asked, and they could be difficult or challenging; this information provides the counselor with a starting point for intervention Psycho-educational groups - Answer Tend to be more structured than counseling groups; serves to address and develop personal growth factors within an academic or educational setting; provides a framework for targeting common adolescent issues like emotional development, self-image, identity definition, and interpersonal skills Crisis-centered groups - Answer Formed in direct response to a traumatic precipitating event (EX: shooting; bus accident); the overarching purpose is that of providing a controlled venue where students can express their feelings and then either facilitate resolution of the conflict (small) or assist in students coping (large) Growth-centered groups - Answer Formed as an outgrowth of a previous group; (EX: if a crisiscentered group is formed to address situation by discussing anger management, this group will instead address each individual student's issues and concern such as low self-esteem); the tone of this group is supportive and empathetic; works on positive behavior dynamics and allows counselors to identify and address students on an individual basis Elementary students (age-specific topics) - Answer Students in this age group are dealing with issues related to friendships, family roles, problem solving, social behaviors, success in school, expressing emotions, and self-esteem Middle school students (age-specific topics) - Answer Students in this age group are particularly embroiled in issues relating to body image, interpersonal relationships, social skills, conflict management, social roles, diversity issues, self-esteem, transitioning to a new school, and academic development High school students (age-specific topics) - Answer Students in this age group are preparing to become adults, focused on career exploration and planning, dating protocol, intimate relationships, self-identity, assertiveness training, stress management, and time managementOppression - Answer A fallacious assumption by one group that another group is intrinsically inferior or incapable of a particular quality of life; tactics include exploitation, intimidation, and violence Individualized oppression - Answer Encompasses oppression stemming from assumptions of inferiority in another person based on race or culture