Medical Surgical Assessment A Questions And Answers

Medical Surgical Assessment A Questions And Answers A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for a CT scan with an IV contrast agent. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider prior to the procedure? A) Sodium 136 mEq/L B) Potassium 4.8 mEq/L C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL D) Calcium 10 mg/dL - ANS C) Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL Creatinine 1.9 mg/dL is not within the expected reference range. Therefore, the nurse should report the finding to the provider before the client has a CT scan with an IV contrast agent. This finding places the client at risk for developing contrast-induced nephropathy. A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking acarbose. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication? A) Polyuria B) Abdominal cramps C) Renal insufficiency D) Insomnia - ANS B) Abdominal cramps Acarbose affects the gastrointestinal system. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for abdominal cramping, rumbling bowel sounds, and diarrhea as adverse effects of this medication. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who had a cardiac catheterization via the right femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent postprocedure complications? (Select all) A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding B) Position the affected extremity at a 45 degree angle C) Restrict the client's fluid intake D) Maintain the pressure dressing E) Check the client's peripheral pulses - ANS A) Monitor the insertion site for bleeding The nurse should monitor the client's insertion site for manifestations of hemorrhaging. D) Maintain the pressure dressing. The nurse should maintain the client's pressure dressing to prevent hemorrhaging and allow for the cannulation site to heal. E) Check the client's peripheral pulses. The nurse should assess the client's peripheral pulses to help identify signs of arterial occlusion. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is dyspneic. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A) Encourage abdominal breathing B) Direct the client to inhale with pursed lips C) Set the oxygen therapy at 5L/min D) Instruct the client to lean back while coughing - ANS A) Encourage abdominal breathing The nurse should encourage abdominal breathing, which reduces the workload on the accessory muscles of respiration during dyspneic episodes. A nurse is preparing to administer phytonadione 7 mg subcutaneously to a client who has an INR of 4. Available is phytonadione 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero is it applies. Do not use a trailing zero. - ANS 7mg/10 mg *1mL= 0.7 mL A nurse is examining a client's IV site and notes a red line up his arm. The client reports a throbbing, burning pain at the IV site. The nurse should identify that the client's manifestations indicate which of the following complications of IV therapy? A) Thrombophlebitis B) Infiltration C) Hematoma D) Venous spasms - ANS A) Thrombophlebitis