AFST 201 EXAM 1 LATEST 2024 100% CORRECT

AFST 201 EXAM 1 LATEST 2024 100% CORRECT Egypt Nile River Valley Mesopotamia Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Indus Valley Indus River Caral-Supe Peru River Valley China Yellow River Why civilizations developed? -Challenge and response -Material forces (food surpluses) created specialization of labor and social classes -Management of water resources -Non-material forces (Religion = unity & purpose) geography of Egypt Nile River flows from central Africa to the Nile Delta -flooding predicatable -food surpluses -natural barrier creates isolation Ancient Egypt ( BCE) Permanent settlements emerged along the Nile -full time farming 4000 BCE - states/kingdoms emerged -initially in the Upper Nile region of South Egypt and Upper Nubia Nile river transports accessible from Aswan to the Delta Egyptian Trade had access to eastern desert minerals -gold, copper, malachite -traded these items along the Nile -many made their way to Mesopotamia Egypt's wealthy elite class created from trade wealth -controlled trade and held political power over the mases -developed the economic and political system in their region -exploited the bulk of the population who worked in the land and mined the minerals -inequality in life and death -elites buried with goods --ex. copper ornaments, ceramic pots, beads etc. to indicate their wealth King Menes (3100 BCE) United upper and lower Egypt and started what was to become the longest lasting civilization in history -adhered to the principles of Ma'at -transformed pictorial representations into a form of writing Hieroglyphs used by King Menes with clay tablets and solid rock, later papyrus, of pictorial representations into a form of writing writing (Egypt) primary: -record passage of seasons -annual