Summary Hoofdstuk 28 Traditions and encounters

SamenvatninH28nTraditionn nandnEncnunter .
The building of global empires.
Foundatons of Empire
Motves of imperialism.

Imperialismnrefer ntnnthendnminationnnnvern ubjectnland ninnthenlariernwnrld.n
- Snmetiome nthrnuihnfnrmalnimperiali mnmilitar ncnnque tnandnpnlitiocalncnntrnl.
- Frequentl nitnarn enthrnuihndnminationnnfnrntradeninve tmentnandnbu ine nactiovitioe .

Allnnfnthi nmadenthenimperialnpnwer nablentnnprnftndeepl nfrnmnthen ubjectncnuntr ’ nandninfuencen
theirnwnrldwideninfuence.

Colonialismnrefer nnntnnnl ntnnthen etlementnnfnmiirant nintnnnewnland nbutnal nntnnthenpnlitiocaln
ncialnecnnnmicnandnculturaln tructure nthatnenablednimperialnpnwer ntnndnminaten ubjectnland .

SetlementnnfnEurnpeannmiirant ninnfnreiinnland nNnrth-AmericanChilenArientionanAu tralianNew-
ZealandnandnSnuth-Africa.
PnlitiocalncnlnnialnpnwernIndian nuthea tnA ianandn ub-SaharanAfricannnnEurnpeannmiirant nheren
butnEurnpeann upervi nr nandnpnlitiocaln tructure nthatnmadenEurnpeanndnminationnnpn ible.

EvenninnthenOtnmannEmpirenandnChinanthenEurnpeannpnwer ne tabli hedn nmenfnrmnnfncnlnniali m.n
The ndnminate nfnance necnnnm nandnfnreiinnpnlicie ntnn uchnandeireenthatnitni nknnwnna ninformaln
imperialism.

Economic motive of Impvrialiem.

Eurnpean nthnuihtndurininthen ecnndnhalfnnfnthen19 thncentur nthatnimperialnandncnlnnialnexpan innn
wa ncrucialntnnthen urvivalnnfntheirn ncietioe .
 Over ea ncnlnnie ncnuldn ervena nreliablen nurce nnfnrawnmaterial .(Rubberntionncnppernandn
petrnleum)

Politcal motive of impvrialiem.

Evennifncnlnnie nwerennntnbenefcialnmn tnnfnthenEurnpean nthnuihtntherenwerencrucial.
Military reasonsnnver ea ncnlnnie nnccupiedn trateiicn ite nnnnthenwnrld’ n ea-lane .n(Suezncanal)
nnnnnnAndnntherncnlnnie nprnvide nharbnur nnrn uppl n tationn nfnrncnmmercialnannnavalnnn
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn hip .
Political reasonsnNnncnuntr nfeltnneededntnnrelea entheirncnlnnie nbecau enthe ncnuldnfallninnthen
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnhand nnfntheirnrival .
n nnCnlnnie ncnuldnchanienthenpublicnatentionnnawa nfrnmnthenhnmen ncietioe nwheren
nnnnnn nciali mnandncnmmuni mnwerennnnthenri e.

Spiritual reasonsnnJe uit nandnmi innarie ncnuldnprnvenu efulnfnrninfnrmationnnandn etninupnanlinkn
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnbetweennthenpenplenandnthenimperiali t .

AndnafernallnthenEurnpean nthnuihtnitnwa ntheirnjnbntnnbrinincivilizationnntnnthen ubjectncnuntrie .n“then
Whiteman’ nburden”

, Tools of empire.
Impvrial Mvdical tvchnologive.

Onennfnthenbiiie tnandnwnr tndi ea e nthenImperiali t nhadntnnfacenwa nMalariannncenthenEurnpean n
hadnancurenfnrnthi .nItnbecamenmuchnea ierntnncnnquernandninvernntrnpicalnarea .nThenMalaria-Curen
wa nfnundninnPeru.nInn1820nFrenchnchemi t nmadenpill nthatnever nimperiali t n hnuldnhavennnntheirn
bedn tand.n

Traneportaton tvchnologive.

Thenmn tnimpnrtantninnnvationn nnnntran pnrtnwerenthe
team hip nandnthenrailrnad.nInn1830nBritio hneniineer nmade
teamnpnwerednmilitar n hip .n(irnnclad )nnThe en hip nwere
equippednwithnpnwerfulniun .nThe enve el nwerenmuch
fa ternandncnuldntravelnaiain tnthenwind.nThi nmadenthe
tran pnrtationnntnnthencnlnnie nmuchnea ier.n

Similarntnnthi nthencnn tructionnnnfnthenSueznandnthenPanama
Canal ncamentnnannendnwhichnhaltednanireatnpn ibilit nfnr
Imperialnpnwer ntnninvernntheirnnver ee nempire .

Military Tvchnologive.

Eurnpean nhadnannincrediblenamnuntnnfnindu tr nwhatnmadenitnpn iblentnncnn tructnnewnweapnn .
1880’ nVicker nMaximnmachineniun

ThenBritio hnfnuihtninn1898nanSudane enfnrce.nThenBritio hnln tn368nmenntn
11.000nSudane enwarrinr .nThi ni nannexamplennfnEurnpeannadvantaienin
technnlni .




Communicatone Tvchnologive.

1830nitnwnuldntakentwnn ear nfnrnanBritio hncnrre pnndentntnnietnanleterntnnIndianandnback.
1850nItnwnuldntakenfnurnmnnth nduentnn team hip .
1869nItnwnuldntakentwnnweek nduentnnthennpenininnfnthenSueznCanal.
1870nItnwnuldntakenfvenhnur nduentnn ubmarinencable .

The encable nwnuldnmakenitnpn iblentnnmnbilizenfnrce nrapidl nandnhaventhenhnmeland
infnrmednabnutnallnthini nhappeninininnthencnlnnie .
Andnthenteleiraphnwnuldnmakenitnpn iblenfnrnecnnnmic ntnnrapidl nknnwnabnutnthenecnnnmicn
develnpment nandncnmmercialn iinifcance.n