IAHCSMM CRCST 8TH EDITION - CRCST Final Flashcard Review

IAHCSMM CRCST 8TH EDITION - CRCST Final Flashcard Review Microbiology - Answer ️️ -The study of microorganisms. The science which treats the nature, life and action of microorganisms. Me - Answer ️️ -Him Contamination - Answer ️️ -The state of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious organisms or other material Microns - Answer ️️ -A unit of measurement; 1/1000 of a millimeter or 1/25,000 of an inch; usually designated by the Greek letter "u". Protoplasm - Answer ️️ -Describes all living materials in a cell. A thick mucous-like substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical basis of life within the cell nucleus. Components of a cell - Answer ️️ -cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, capsule, flagella, nucleus Phagotization - Answer ️️ -The process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or other foreign particles. (process where white blood cells in the human body destroy bacteria by engulfing them). Cytoplasm - Answer ️️ -The living matter of a cell between the cell's membrane and nucleus. Nucleus - Answer ️️ -The functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity. DNA - Answer ️️ -Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity.. Cell wall - Answer ️️ -A tough rigid structure that helps maintain the cell's shape. Cell membrane - Answer ️️ -This layer is located just beneath the cell wall which is semi- permeable. Capsule - Answer ️️ -A mucus material that protects the bacteria from the host cells that try to destroy it. Flagella - Answer ️️ -Thread-like tails attached to the cell that enable the bacteria to move through liquids. Acid-fast bacteria - Answer ️️ -Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which causes tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium leprae (which cause leprosy). Spore - Answer ️️ -Microrganisms capable of forming a thick wall around themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant form of bacterium. Chlorophyll - Answer ️️ -A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts it to energy in a process called photosynthesis. Aerobic bacteria - Answer ️️ -Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen. Requiring oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria - Answer ️️ -Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen. Not requiring oxygen. Psychrophiles (bacteria) - Answer ️️ -Cold-loving bacteria (59-68 degrees F) Mseophiles (bacteria) - Answer ️️ -Bacteria that grows best at moderate temperatures (68-113 degrees F) Thermophiles (bacteria) - Answer ️️ -Bacteria which grow best at a temperatures (122-158 degrees F). Vegetative stage - Answer ️️ -State of active growth of microorganisms (as apposed to the resting or spore stages) Angstrom - Answer ️️ -A unit that measure visible light. Binary fission - Answer ️️ -The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a cell divides into equal parts. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) - Answer ️️ -Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that have developed a resistance to Methicillin, the drug of choice. Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) - Answer ️️ -Enterococcus bacteria that are no longer sensitive to Vancomycin. Virus - Answer ️️ -One of a group of minute infections agents that grow only in living tissues or cells. Host - Answer ️️ -The animal, plant, or human that supports the growth of microorganisms. Protozoan - Answer ️️ -Any one-celled animal-like microorganism of the sub-kingdom protozoa. Amoeboid movement - Answer ️️ -The crawling movement of cells brought about by the cell successively becoming longer and then retracting. Fungi - Answer ️️ -A large group of plant-like organisms including molds, mushrooms, and yeasts without chlorophyll. Causative agent (chain of infection) - Answer ️️ -The microorganism that causes an infectious disease. Reservoir of agent (chain of infection) - Answer ️️ -The place where an infectious agent (microorganism) can survive. Carrier - Answer ️️ -An individual who harbors and disseminates specific pathogenic microorganisms without manifesting any clinical symptoms, and who serves as an intermediary in the transfer of diseases to a susceptible person. Portal of exit (chain of infection) - Answer ️️ -The path by which an infectious agent