Medical Surgical Nursing 9th Edition Ignatavicius Test Bank.Latest Updated exam 2024/2025 questions and correct answers

Medical Surgical Nursing 9th Edition Ignatavicius Test Bank.Latest Updated exam 2024/2025 questions and correct answers What is hypermetropia? - correct answers long sitedness, whereby light ray convergence at a point after the retina, and therfore out of focus. Nearby objects apphear blurry while distant objects are clearer - correct answers what is myopia? - correct answers near/short sightedness, close is clear, far is blurry -usual starts in puberty and gets worse untill eye is fully grown. also in very young children. conditions associated with myopia? - correct answers squint- childhood eyes point in diff. directions. lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly glaucoma - IOC pressure. cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense. Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel that nourish it What is astigmatism? - correct answers Failure to converge image at one point on the fovea (likea refraction rather than focusing) Causes of astigmatism? - correct answers -Hereditary - corneal or lenticular -Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change. Some conditions of the eyelid others that affect cornea or lense What is presbyopia? - correct answers gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects. It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? - correct answers S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae what is opthalmia neonatorum? - correct answers chlamydia or gonorrheae infection from infected birth canal affecting 20-40% What is Episcleritis ? - correct answers Inflamationof localiased superficial episclera vascular network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to sever inflam @1-3 month intervals) -Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated systemic disease) What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis? - correct answers type 1 hypersensitivity - seasonal (SAC) perrenial - chronic (PAC) Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma gaint pappilary (GPC) Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC) What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis - correct answers inner lining of the eyelid swells and develops small bumps. Known as papillae, these bumps tend to form after chronic irritation what can cause a corneal abbration? - correct answers Direct trauma Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva Heat by contact UV radiation (Arc Eye) What can cause corneal ulcer? - correct answers can be secondary to abrasive trauma, pentrating injuries or prolonged use of contact lenses What are dendritic ulcers? - correct answers Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is the most frequent cause of corneal blindness. - aggressive treatment - Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers? - correct answers Pain Photophobia Blurred vision Tearing Redness - with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern, Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? - correct answers - infectious epithelial keratitis (with characteristic dendritic ulcers) -neurotrophic keratopathy -stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear) what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis - correct answers Pain, generally developing over a few hours or days except in cases of trauma: Redness Photophobia Blurred vision Increased lacrimation Chronic anterior uveitis presents primarily as blurred vision and mild redness. pain & photophobia normaly only during acute episode