HOSA Nutrition throughout the life span (Well-enlightened)

Why do pregnant mothers need more calories? correct answers To fuel increased metabolic workload of mother and fetus, and spare protein for building new tissue Amount of energy increase correct answers No increase in first trimester. 340 extra calories per day during the second trimester, and 452 extra calories per day in the 3rd trimester Needs for protein increase correct answers Development of the placenta, growth of the fetus, growth of maternal tissues, increased maternal blood volume, and amniotic fluid Protein increase correct answers 46g a day to 71 g a day, but the average US women already consumes 74g a day, so individual counselling is necessary Teratogenic correct answers causing a birth defect due to a deficient diet Need for more calcium correct answers along with P. development of bones and teeth, and blood clotting Need for more iron correct answers Essential for increased hemoglobin synthesis that is required for the greater maternal blood volume, and the baby's necessary prenatal storage of iron. Average intake is 14.5mg/day, when 27mg/day Need for more folate correct answers TH4 is used in DNA synthesis, cell division, hemoglobin synthesis, important until week 6 of gestation to ensure adequate nutrient availability in the endometrial lining of the uterus for embryonic tissue development. It also causes a lower chance of neural tube defects Need for more Vitamin D correct answers Worldwide deficiency, linked to gestational diabetes and preterm birth, but not causal. Recommended 15 mcg/d Weight Gain amount and rate during pregnancy correct answers 22 to 36.8 lbs in total. 2-4 lbs over the first trimester, and 0.4kg (0.88lbs) per week after that Basic Principles of Diet and Exercise and Women for pregnant women correct answers Sufficient quantity of high quality food, and avoid fasting or skipping meals. Also, at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise each week, or even 30 minutes a day Nausea and vomiting in pregnant women correct answers Affect 69% of women during early pregnancy, likely by adaptation to human chorionic gonadotropin during the first trimester. To treat it through diet, drink liquids between meals, avoid an empty stomach, and try ginger or vitamin B6 supplement View on caffeine consumption during pregnancy? correct answers Results are controversial without strong evidence that it causes any problems