Anatomy & Physiology Test #1 Practice Questions & Answers 2024

Anatomy & Physiology Test #1 Practice Questions & Answers 2024 The superior boundary of the abdominal cavity is separated from the thoracic cavity by a large skeletal muscle called the - ANSWER-diaphragm Producing blood cells (hematopoiesis) occurs in the ____________ system - ANSWER-skeletal The integumentary system is: - ANSWER-the external covering of the body List and explain the five survival needs of humans: - ANSWER-Nutrients - include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which are taken in via the diet for energy and cell building. Oxygen - required to release energy from food Water - accounts for over 60% of body weight, and provides the basis for various body fluids Appropriate body temperature - when too high or too low, physiological activities cease, primarily because molecules are destroyed or become nonfunctional. Appropriate atmospheric pressure - the force exerted on the surface of the body by the weight of the air; is essential for normal operation of the respiratory system and breathing Explain how scratching an itch is an example of the negative feedback mechanism. - ANSWER-1. stimulus or input is the itch 2. a receptor carries the information about the stimulus (itch) to the brain via an afferent pathway 3. control center (brain) analyzes this information and turns on an effector which will cancel the stimulus 4. information reaches the effector via the efferent pathway from the brain. Muscles move the hand to scratch the itch 5. scratching continues until the itch goes away. The brain shuts off the effector once homeostatis is restored. Describe anatomical position. Explain why anatomical position is used. - ANSWER-Anatomical position is - standing erect, feet parallel to arms, palms facing forward. Anatomical position is used because it is a