Edexcel A Level Geography - The carbon cycle and energy security Exam Questions With Solutions

Edexcel A Level Geography - The carbon cycle and energy security Exam Questions With Solutions (carbon) Flux - ANS Transfer of carbon from one 'pool' to another (carbon) store - ANS An accumulation of carbon Biosphere - ANS The regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms Photosynthesis - ANS The process by which carbon atoms in the atmosphere move into trees and plants, plants use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from CO2 and water Respiration - ANS A process in living organisms involving intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide into the surrounding environment Biota - ANS The animal and plant life of a particular region, habitat or geological period Terrestrial - ANS Relating to the earth (or land) Carbon fixation - ANS Process whereby plants transform carbon dioxide into organic carbon compounds used for energy, growth and metabolism Phytoplankton - ANS Microscopic plants that live in salty and freshwater environments and fix large amounts of carbon through photosynthesis Thermohaline circulation - ANS The movement of seawater dependent on variations in temperature, causing changes in salinity and therefore density Stratification (of water column) - ANS Water with different properties such as salinity, density and temperature form layers, which act as barrier for water mixing Carbon sink - ANS Large natural store of carbon Downwelling - ANS Sinking of higher density material Deforestation - ANS Removal of forests Diagenesis - ANS The physical and chemical changes occurring during the conversion of sediment to sedimentary rock Primary producers - ANS Organisms that get their energy from light Sequestration - ANS Removal and storage of carbon from the atmosphere in carbon sinks through physical or biological processes Humus - ANS Organic matter that has been broken down (The) greenhouse effect - ANS Natural process that keeps the planet warm enough for humans to survive (The) enhanced greenhouse effect - ANS Impact on the climate from the additional heat retained due to the increased amounts of greenhouse gases that humans have released into the earths atmosphere Greenhouse gases - ANS Gases that contribute to the enhanced greenhouse effect Carbon dioxide - ANS Major greenhouse gas that is released in the burning of fossil fuels as well as through degassing of volcanoes Anthropogenic - ANS Caused by humans Degassing - ANS Release of large amounts of gas wh