Foundation of Professional Nursing Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers

Nursing Powerpoint!!! - Answer Define Nursing: ANA Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human responses; and advocacy in health care for individuals, families, communities, and populations (American Nurses Association, 2010). - Answer Diagnosis, Treatment, Human Responses Define roles of professional nurse caregiver= client advocate= collaborator communicator= decision maker eduator= leader manager research consumer - Answer help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process you protect your patients human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises it allows you to know your patients including their strengths, weaknesses, and needs you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning, or patient behavior, and evaluate the patients progress of learning Define Nursing: Nurse theorist Nursing is the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery= Nursing is an interpersonal, therapeutic process that takes place when professionals, specifically educated to be nurses, engage in therapeutic relationships with people who are in need of health services= Nursing systems are a series and sequences of deliberate practical actions of nurses performed at times in coordination with actions of their patients to know and meet components of their patients' therapeutic self-care demands and to protect and regulate the exercise or development of patients' self-care agency= The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge= Nursing is the p - Answer Florence Nightingale (Environment) Hildegard Peplau (Interpersonal Therapeutic Relationship) Dorthea Orem (Self-Care) Virginia Henderson (need) Sister Callista Roy (adaption) Martha Rogers (Process of Change Human Development Unitary Humans) Jean Watson (Caring) International Council of nurses (Advocacy, Research, Education, Shaping health policy) Levels of Healthcare Powerpoint!!!! - Answer Identify key features of the primary health care model - Answer Environmental Economics Education Genetics Nutrition Politics health services Ex. sewer system being put in the city Differentiate between primary care and primary health care - Answer primary care= focus is on health care services provided to an individual primary health care= focus is on improving health outcomes for an entire population. It includes primary individual care. Discuss the types of settings that provide various health care services/ Distinguish levels of care 1. Primary care (Health Promotion)= 2. Preventative care= 3. Secondary care= 4. tertiary care= 5. restorative care= 6. continuing care= - Answer 1. prenatal and well baby care, nutrition counseling, family planning, and excercise, yoga, and meditation classes 2. blood pressure and cancer screenings, immunizations, mental health counseling and crisis prevention, community legislation (seat belts, air bags, bike helmets, no texting while driving) 3. emergency care, acute medical-surgical care, radioogical procurdures fr acute problems (x-rays, computed tomography, scans) 4. intensive care and subacute care 5 cardiovascualr/pulmonary/orthopedic therapy, sports medicine, spinal cord injury programs, home care, and extended care facilitie(include intermediate and skilled care). 6 assisted living, psychiatric and older adult day care, nursing center or facilities (nursing homes, long term care), Respite care (short term relief or time off), and hospice Levels of care quiz 1. hospital orthopedic unit is= 2. flu shot clinic is= 3. A nursing home is= 4. Physical rehabilitation facility is= 5. intensive care unit is= - Answer secondary care preventative care continuing care restorative care tertiary care identify single most important concept of nursing care - Answer Safety Describe at least 6 most common diagnostic testing procedures, at least 2 invasive and 4 non-invasive - Answer -A review of health history (non-invasive) -Physical examination (non-invasive) -Imaging tests Ex. X-ray, PET/CT, MRI, ultrasound, etc. (non-invasive) -Nuclear medicine scans Ex. bone scans, etc. (non-invasive) -Laboratory tests (blood, urine, etc.) (invasive=blood) -Biopsy (invasive) -Endoscopy (invasive) -Genetic tests. Identify roles of different health care providers nursing= Medicine= Physcial Therapy= Occupational Therapy= Respiratory therapy= Social work= - Answer diagnosis and treatment of human response to health states (Treat human response to illness and injuries) diagnosis and treatment of health states therapy for the preservation, enhancement, or restoration of movement and physical function. Primarily focus on physical ability therapy based on engagement in meaningful ADL's therapy that is concerned with the maintenance or improvement of respiratory functioning, including swallowing any of various professional activities concerned with providing social services especially with the investigation, treatment, and material aid of the economically, physically, mentally, or socially, disadvantages (abuse, transportation, post-discharge placement) Week 2: - Answer The nursing Process Powerpoint!!! - Answer Critical thinking: defintiion= - Answer "Critical thinking is that mode of thinking — about any subject, content, or problem — in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by skillfully analyzing, assessing, and reconstructing it. Critical thinking is self-directed, self-disciplined, self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking. It presupposes assent to rigorous standards of excellence and mindful command of their use. It entails effective communication and problem-solving abilities, as well as a commitment to overcome our native egocentrism and sociocentrism." Critical thinking is characterized as= - Answer -deliberateness -open-mindedness -continual inquiry -perseverance -willingness to look at an individual situation -the determination to identify which assumptions are true and relevant -commitment to continually evaluate the thinking Critical thinking: levels - Answer basic= thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules or principles Complex= choices are examined and analyzed more independently Committment= anticipating when to make choices without assistance from others & accepts accountability for decisions made Critical thinking: components - Answer 1. Specific knowledge base in nursing 2. Experience 3. Critical thinking competencies General critical thinking Specific critical thinking in nursing Specific critical thinking in nursing: the nursing process 4. Attitude define the central features of a successful critical thinker and how they approach a problem confidence creativity curiosity discipline fairness integrity humility perseverance thinking independently responsibility and accountability risk taking 5. Standards for critical thinking Intellectual standards Professional standard Intellectual standards: universal for critical thinking=clear,precise,specific,accurate,relevant,plausible,consistent, logical, deep, broad, complete, significant, adequate, fair Professional standards: promotes the highest level of quality nursing care= ethical criteria for nursing judgment, criteria for evidence-based evaluation, and professional responsibility Critical thinking: application - Answer 1. Assessment= gather information 2. Evaluate the Plan 1. Recognize that an issue exists 2. Gather data 3. Analyze the information about the issue 4. Evaluate the information -scientific principles/evidence-based -psychosocial principles -spiritual principles -ethical-legal principles 5. Make conclusions & 6. Develop a plan 7. Evaluate The nursing process is a five-step clinical decision- making approach: 5 steps of nursing process= - Answer Assessment, Diagnosis, Plannng, Implementation, Evaluation Assessment= - Answer gather information about the patients condition The "data collection" step of the nursing process Collection of information: -Primary source= client --SUBJECTIVE= verbal information from patient and others Ex. I have a headace --OBJECTIVE= measured data (vital signs, physical assessment, lab data, diagnostic imaging (Xrays, MRI, etc.), and observation of client) -Secondary sources= family members, health professionals, medical record, others interpretion and validation of data to ensure a complete database Includes physiological, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, and life-style factors What is done after data is collected? validate data then diagnosis Diagnosis= - Answer identify the patients problem/specific health care problems Only nurses make nursing diagnoses and will choose a nursing diagnosis from the NANDA-I (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) list which most closely describes the patient's problem related to the health status A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual and potential health problems or life processes that the nurse is licensed and competent to treat (NANDA International, 2012)