Openstax Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 24 with 100% correct answers

acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) starting molecule of the Krebs cycle anabolic reactions reactions that build smaller molecules into larger molecules Brainpower Read More ATP synthase protein pore complex that creates ATP catabolic reactions reactions that break down larger molecules into their constituent parts cellular respiration production of ATP from glucose oxidation via glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation citric acid cycle also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle; converts pyruvate into CO2 and high energy FADH2, NADH, and ATP molecules FADH2 high-energy molecule needed for glycolysis glycolysis series of metabolic reactions that breaks down glucose into pyruvate and produces ATP insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the uptake of glucose into the cells ketone bodies alternative source of energy when glucose is limited, created when too much acetyl CoA is created during fatty acid oxidation Krebs cycle also called the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, converts pyruvate into CO2 and high-energy FADH2, NADH, and ATP molecules metabolism sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions that take place in the body minerals inorganic compounds required by the body to ensure proper function of the body monosaccharide smallest, monomeric sugar molecule NADH high-energy molecule needed for glycolysis nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) coenzyme used to produce NADH oxidation-reduction reaction (also, redox reaction) pair of reactions in which an electron is passed from one molecule to another, oxidizing one and reducing the other oxidative phosphorylation process that converts high-energy NADH and FADH2 into ATP pepsin enzyme that begins to break down proteins in the stomach polysaccharides complex carbohydrates made up of many monosaccharides pyruvate three-carbon end product of glycolysis and starting material that is converted into acetyl CoA that enters the Krebs cycle reduction gaining of an electron salivary amylase digestive enzyme that is found in the saliva and begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth sodium bicarbonate anion released into the small intestine to neutralize the pH of the food from the stomach triglycerides lipids, or fats, consisting of three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone trypsin pancreatic enzyme that activates chymotrypsin and digests protein urea cycle process that converts potentially toxic nitrogen waste into urea that can be eliminated through the kidneys vitamins organic compounds required by the body to perform biochemical reactions like metabolism and bone, cell, and tissue growth