ATI TEAS 7 Biology Review

ATI TEAS 7 Biology Review cell theory - All cells arise form preexisting cells Cells can carry out the processes of life Organisms are made of cells that function together cell - The is considered to be the basic unit of life prokaryotes - single cells organisms such as bacteria are examples of . This type of cell does not have a nucleus,but does have DNA. ALL have a cell wall eukaryotes - multicellular organisms such as plants and animals are examples of _ -some have a cell wall -cell membrane present nucleus - The of the cell is responsible for the activites of the cell regarding DNA, has its own membrane which allows for the passage of materials and proteins needed for DNA replication ribosomes - Responsible for the production of proteins Can be free or bound to the outer membrane of the ER rough endoplasmic reticulum - The has ribosomes attached to the outer surface, it is also produces the proteins smooth endoplasmic reticulum - The does not have ribosomes attached and works to transport proteins out of the cell lysosomes - are often termed "suicide sacs of the cell" because of their involvement with digestion within the cell. -besides digesting proteins, also break down parts of the cell that are no longer needed vacuoles - most known for their ability to store materials mitochondria - are thought to be the powerhouses of the cell because of their ability to produce the energy needed for life. cristae - folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria are called chloroplasts - Present in plants, contains a substance called chlorophyll to carry out the process of photosynthesis cytoskeleton - provides structure and shape to the cell cilia/flagella - these structures are not present within the cell. Instead they are located outside of the cell and allow the cell to move cell wall - Present in plant cells, the cellulose-containing helps to give the plant cell rigidity diffusion - Particles naturally move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration this process is called . osmosis - Water can diffuse across a membrane in a process called Isotonic solution - concentration are the same inside and outside of the cell