Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Exam latest solution 2023

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Exam latest solutionWhat is ARDS - A form of respiratory failure that follows a number of respiratory insults; underlying problem of alveolar-capillary membrane damage; non-cardiac pulmonary edema; Refractory hypoxemia is key feature; ARDS is when the lungs are unable to exchange oxygen and CO2 between the alveoli and capillaries therefore results in the body getting unoxygenated blood; the alveoli cannot transfer its oxygen to the capillaries and the capillaries cannot dump off the CO2 to the alveoli What is refractory hypoxemia - no matter what you do, hypoxia will NOT reverse What is an insult - cause of ARDS; 2 types Direct - pneumonia, aspiration Indirect - sepsis, severe trauma, MSOF Chemical mediators released - damage to capillary wall Alveoli wall becomes permeable -allows fluid to accumulate causing pulmonary edema -reduction in surfactant causing alveolar collapse Pathophysiology of ARDS - Decreased lung compliance 2023