NLN PHARMACOLOGY EXAM-123 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) non-narcotic analgesic antipyretic antiplatelet back pain lower fever prevent clots treat TIA, MI, Stroke, angina Use: Acetylsalicylic Acid Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:05 / 0:15 Full screen increase coagulation time Liver Toxicity ADRs Acetylsalicylic Acid given daily for cardiac prophylaxis Teaching Aspirin: Vit K Deficiency children under 12 pregnancy 3rd trimester Contra: Aspirin antidote Absorbent Activated Charcoal Treat poison/ overdose adminster within 60 min Given 1 or 2x Activated Charcoal Uses/ Dose: vomiting pulmonary aspiration ADRs Activated Charcoal Give with Sorbitol Gut Dialysis Black Stools No pH change Teaching Activated Charcoal Antiviral Acyclovir Herpes Simplex Decrease S/S Varicella Acyclovir Tx/ Dose: Nephrotoxicity ADRs Acyclovir Virus triggers: stress, trauma, fever, sex Refrain from sex if S/S herpes Teaching/ Labs Acyclovir Thrombolytic Alteplase Recombinant (Activase) occluded catheters Cath-Flo Activase is for: Thrombus risks, MI, ischemic stroke, arterial thrombosis, DVT, PE, IV occlusion Alteplase Tx/ Dose: hemorrhage N/V Hypotension Dysrrhythmia Alteplase ADRs AMIcar may be ordered for excessive bleeding Alteplase Teaching/ Labs pregnancy active bleeding, CVA Hx HTN Uncontrolled No NSAIDs or Aspirin Contraindications Alteplase Antacid Aluminum Hydroxide (amphogel) increase pH decrease drug absorption toxicity: dementia, hypercalcemia, worsen HTN, Hrt failure ADR Aluminum Hydroxide give 2 hrs apart from drug admin increase fluid, exercise/ fiber to prevent constipation Teaching/ Labs Amphogel ampicillin Shigella, salmonella, e coli, H influenza, N gonorrhea, N meningitis, gram positive allergic reaction GI Sx rash ADRs ampicillin not necessary if diarrhea develops give probiotics to restore flora ampicillin teaching anticholinergic atropine Increase HR Decrease motor Sx Parkinsons Pre-Op: Decrease secretions, prevent aspiration under anesthesia Use/ Dose Atropine Excess Anticholinergic Effects ADR Atropine narrow angle glaucoma myasthenia gravis GI obstruction Contraindications Atropine inhaled steroid med also nasal inhalant as Beconase Beclomethasone Diproprionate (Beclovent) asthma, allergic rhinitis Beclomethasone Tx/ Dose: Pharyngeal Irritation, Sore Throat, Cough Immunocompromised adrenocortical insufficiency Nervous System effects Endocrine Effects Beclomethasone ADR: Rinse mouth after use for med Use bronchodilator b4 steroid Beclomethasone Teaching/ Labs anticholinergic antiparkinson ADRs: BUDCAT parlytic ileus benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)