CELL STRUCTURE:
NUCLEUS (Nuclear envelope/nucleolus/nuclear pores)
• Controls the cell’s activities
• Contains + transmits the cell’s genetic information
• Provides instructions for protein synthesis
• Nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane ---> nuclear envelope
(pores in the nuclear envelope, that allow large substances in and out
of the nucleus)
• Nucleolus contains RNA and is where ribosomes are made
• Chromatin is the genetic material (shows up as dark patch on
diagrams)
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (RER)
• System of membranes, containing fluid-filled sacs(cisternae).
• Coated with ribosomes for protein modification.
• Intracellular transport system
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (SER)
• System of membranes, containing fluid-filled sacs(cisternae)
• No ribosomes
• Contains enzymes that catalyse reactions involved with lipid
metabolism
, • Absorbs, transports and synthesise lipids.
GOLGI APPARATUS
• Stack of membrane-bound flattened sacs
• Secretory vesicles bring materials to and from the Golgi body
• Where proteins are modified and packaged into vesicles.
MITOCHONDRIA
• Surrounded by 2 membranes, with fluid in-between them
• Inner membrane folds into cristae
• Inner part of mitochondria is a fluid-filled matrix.
CHLOROPASTS
• Have a double membrane
• Inner membrane is filled with stacks of thylakoids, which contain
chlorophyll.
• Each stack of thylakoids is called a granum.
• Fluid-filled matrix is called the stroma
• Contain loop of DNA
• Site of photosynthesis
NUCLEUS (Nuclear envelope/nucleolus/nuclear pores)
• Controls the cell’s activities
• Contains + transmits the cell’s genetic information
• Provides instructions for protein synthesis
• Nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane ---> nuclear envelope
(pores in the nuclear envelope, that allow large substances in and out
of the nucleus)
• Nucleolus contains RNA and is where ribosomes are made
• Chromatin is the genetic material (shows up as dark patch on
diagrams)
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (RER)
• System of membranes, containing fluid-filled sacs(cisternae).
• Coated with ribosomes for protein modification.
• Intracellular transport system
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (SER)
• System of membranes, containing fluid-filled sacs(cisternae)
• No ribosomes
• Contains enzymes that catalyse reactions involved with lipid
metabolism
, • Absorbs, transports and synthesise lipids.
GOLGI APPARATUS
• Stack of membrane-bound flattened sacs
• Secretory vesicles bring materials to and from the Golgi body
• Where proteins are modified and packaged into vesicles.
MITOCHONDRIA
• Surrounded by 2 membranes, with fluid in-between them
• Inner membrane folds into cristae
• Inner part of mitochondria is a fluid-filled matrix.
CHLOROPASTS
• Have a double membrane
• Inner membrane is filled with stacks of thylakoids, which contain
chlorophyll.
• Each stack of thylakoids is called a granum.
• Fluid-filled matrix is called the stroma
• Contain loop of DNA
• Site of photosynthesis
