NCSBN Practice Questions 31-45 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) and reports having chest pain. The nurse provides care based on the knowledge that pain associated with an MI is related to which of the following findings? A. Insufficient oxygenation of the cardiac muscle B. Fluid volume excess C. Arrhythmia D. An electrolyte imbalance Correct Answer A Due to ischemia of the heart muscle, the client will experience pain. This happens because destroyed myocardial tissue can block or interfere with the normal cardiac circulation. Decentralized scheduling is used on a nursing unit. What is the advantage of this management strategy? A. Conserves time spent on planning B. Considers client and staff needs C. Frees the nurse manager to handle other priorities D. Allows requests for special privileges Correct Answer B Decentralized staffing takes into consideration specific client needs and staff abilities and interests. This means the staffing is decided on the lowest level which is at the unit level. Upon entering an adult client's room, the client is found to be unresponsive. After calling for help, what is the next action that should be taken by the nurse? A. Give two rescue breaths B. Deliver five abdominal thrusts C. Maintain an open airway D. Check for a carotid pulse Correct Answer D According to the American Heart Association's basic life support, the first step after determining a victim is unresponsive is to call for help. The next step is to check for a pulse (for no more than 10 seconds). If there is no pulse, the rescuer should begin CPR (30 chest compressions followed by 2 ventilations). A mother, who has been exclusively breastfeeding her 6 month-old, requests more information about meeting the nutritional needs of her infant. What information will the nurse provide? A. Begin a regular schedule of meals and snacks, offering a variety of foods B. Offer finger foods to encourage self-feeding during family meals C. Cut back on the number of times a day the infant receives breastmilk D. Gradually begin adding pureed iron-rich meat and/or cereal as the first foods Correct Answer D The nurse should recommend increasing the number of times a day that complementary foods are offered while continuing to breastfeed. Pureed iron-rich meat, meat alternatives, and/or iron-fortified cereal should be the first complementary foods. After pureed foods, the next transition should be to add strained or mashed foods and then finger foods. From about one year of age, young children begin to have a regular schedule of meals and snacks. The nurse works in the pediatric emergency department. In which situation would a child be treated by using enemas followed by an antitoxin? A. A school-aged child who has swallowed a handful of iron-fortified vitamins B. A toddler who has eaten an undetermined number of ibuprofen tablets C. A preschooler who bit into a laundry detergent pod D. An infant who is diagnosed with botulism Correct Answer D Food-borne botulism can be treated by removing whatever contaminated food is in the stomach by using enemas (or by inducing vomiting) and administering a Botulinum antitoxin. Children with iron poisoning and who are breathing normally can be given a strong laxative fluid; severe poisonings require IV chelation therapy. For NSAID poisoning, sometimes activated charcoal is given (usually within 1 hour of ingestion); massive overdoses may require orogastric lavage because there is no specific antidote for ibuprofen. Since laundry detergent is an alkaline substance, the most commonly used therapy is dilution/irrigation/wash, especially for burns to the skin and eyes. Tracheal intubation with ventilation may be required if the child swallowed the laundry detergent. The client is prescribed a new antipsychotic medication. The nurse is teaching a client about the medication and possible side effects, including tardive dyskinesia (TD). Which statement is true about tardive dyskinesia? A. The high fever, sweating and muscle stiffness will last about one week B. TD occurs within minutes of the first dose of any antipsychotic drug C. The longer someone is treated with an antipsychotic medication, the higher the risk for developing TD D. Almost every client treated with antipsychotic medications will eventually develop TD Correct Answer C The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia (TD) are characterized by random movements of different muscles and the tongue, lips or jaw. Longer treatment with antipsychotic medication, being female, being African American or Asian American are common risk factors for developing TD. Research shows that the overall risk of developing TD is about 30-50%. Decreasing the dose of the antipsychotic or switching antipsychotic medication can help, but there is no cure. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic medications, when the client