Quiz 6 – Renal Questions & Correct Answers

Quiz 6 – Renal Questions & Answers 1. The sodium (Na+) sensing cells in the distal tubules are the: macula densa 2. Vitamin D is essential for: The absorption of Ca++ and phosphate from the GI tract 3. The renal blood flow, and thus GFR, are kept relatively constant by . Myogenic (Intrinsic) autoregulation 4. The biggest stimulus (driver) of renin release is: Decreased Na+ concentration in the distal tubules 5. The most common organism causing urinary tract infection is: E. coli 6. Acute cystitis is best described as: Inflammation of the bladder presenting with frequency, dysuria and lower abdominal and/or suprapubic, low back pain 7. An increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) stimulates which of the following? Increased water excretion in the urine 8. A patient presents with flank pain and anuria followed by polyuria after undergoing catheterization of the ureters. What is the most likely cause of this condition? Postrenal acute renal failure 9. The modified smooth muscle that secrete renin are the Juxtaglomerular cells 10. Antidiuretic hormone works by Incorporating aquaporins into the distal tubule and collecting ducts, making them permeable to water 11. Enlargement of the renal pelvis and calyces due to upper urinary obstruction would best be termed a(n)? Hydronephrosis 12. Which of the following is a symptom of chronic kidney disease Hypocalcemia 13. Which of the following would be expected to trigger a decrease in the secretion of ADH? ingestion of a large amount of pure water 14. What is the role of erythropoietin released by the kidney? It stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow 15. The pyramids contain the collecting ducts that drain through the papilla and are collected by the: Calyx (calyses) 16. Because sweat is essentially a salt solution with an osmolarity lower than that of plasma, severe sweating leads to a reduction in plasma volume and an increase in plasma osmolarity. How do these changes affect the secretion of ADH? Both the decrease in plasma volume and the increase in plasma osmolarity stimulate ADH secretion 17. Glucose reabsorption occurs primarily in the Proximal convoluted tubule 18. Aldosterone, upon secretion by the adrenal cortex, will have