Written by students who passed Immediately available after payment Read online or as PDF Wrong document? Swap it for free 4.6 TrustPilot
logo-home
Summary

Samenvatting Spectrofotometrie

Rating
-
Sold
4
Pages
34
Uploaded on
19-12-2023
Written in
2023/2024

Samenvatting van het onderdeel spectrofotometrie uit het vak Instrumentele analyse 2 jaar

Institution
Course

Content preview

INSTRUMENTELE ANALYSE 2:
SPECTROFOTOMETRIE
Lector. De Bruycker Sven




Opm: 2023 - 2024
• examen gaat meer op oefeningen focussen
• blokschema’s instrumenten kunnen tekenen + beetje uitleg → GEEN detail

,INHOUD

1. UV/VIS-spectrofotometrie...................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Licht als een golf............................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 Licht als een deeltje ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.3 Absorptie van licht ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.4 Spectrofotometrie............................................................................................................................................................ 4

1.5 Transmissie ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4

1.6 Extinctie ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4

1.7 Wet van Lambert-Beer ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

1.8 Extinctiecurve................................................................................................................................................................... 5

1.9 VIS-spectrofotometrie...................................................................................................................................................... 6

1.10 UV-spectrofotometrie .................................................................................................................................................... 6

1.11 Enkelstraal UV/VIS-spectrofotometer ............................................................................................................................ 7

1.12 Dubbelstraal UV/VIS-spectrofotometer ......................................................................................................................... 7

1.13 Meerkanaalsspectrofotmeter ........................................................................................................................................ 8

1.14 nauwkeurigeheid ........................................................................................................................................................... 9

Oefeningen ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9

2. Atomaire absorptie spectrofotometrie (AAS)....................................................................................................................... 10

2.1 Bekomen van atomen .................................................................................................................................................... 11

2.2 Instrument ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11

2.3 Meting met AAS : ijklijn .................................................................................................................................................. 14

2.4 Interferenties ................................................................................................................................................................. 14

2.5 Kookboek ....................................................................................................................................................................... 16

2.6 Toepassingen AAS .......................................................................................................................................................... 16

Oefeningen .......................................................................................................................................................................... 16

3. Fluorimetrie .......................................................................................................................................................................... 17

3.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................................... 17

3.2 Fluorescentie van een atoom......................................................................................................................................... 17

3.3 Fluorescentie van een molecuul .................................................................................................................................... 17

3.4 Absorptie en emissie ...................................................................................................................................................... 19

3.5 Fluorimetrie ................................................................................................................................................................... 19

1
Moons N

, 3.6 Fluorimeter .................................................................................................................................................................... 20

3.7 Analytische werkwijze .................................................................................................................................................... 20

3.8 Kwantitatieve fluorimetrie ............................................................................................................................................. 20

3.9 Verlies van lineariteit ..................................................................................................................................................... 21

3.10 Vergelijking met UV/VIS-spectrofotometrie ................................................................................................................ 21

3.11 Toepassingen ............................................................................................................................................................... 21

4. Nefelometrie ........................................................................................................................................................................ 22

4.1 Spectrofotometrie gebaseerd op verstrooiing ............................................................................................................... 22

4.2 Golflengte keuze ............................................................................................................................................................ 23

4.3 Analytische werkwijze .................................................................................................................................................... 23

4.4 Vergelijking .................................................................................................................................................................... 23

4.5 Toepassingen ................................................................................................................................................................. 23

Oefeningen .......................................................................................................................................................................... 23

5. Atomaire emissie spectrometrie AES ................................................................................................................................... 24

5.1 Atomaire spectrofotometrie .......................................................................................................................................... 24

5.2 Definitie.......................................................................................................................................................................... 24

5.3 Instrument (blokschema) ............................................................................................................................................... 25

5.4 Vlam emissie .................................................................................................................................................................. 25

5.5 Toepassingen ................................................................................................................................................................. 26

5.6 Interferenties ................................................................................................................................................................. 27

5.7 Vergelijking AES met AAS ............................................................................................................................................... 28

6. ICP-OES ................................................................................................................................................................................. 29

6.1 Atomaire spectrofotometrie .......................................................................................................................................... 29

6.2 Inductief gekoppeld plasma ........................................................................................................................................... 29

6.3 ICP-toorts of -brander .................................................................................................................................................... 29

6.4 Detectie van emissiestraling .......................................................................................................................................... 30

6.5 ICP-OES........................................................................................................................................................................... 30

6.6 Analystische kenmerken ................................................................................................................................................ 31

6.7 Analytische kenmerken : vergelijking met AAS .............................................................................................................. 33




2
Moons N

, 1. UV/VIS-SPECTROFOTOMETRIE

= moleculaire spectrofotometrie
1.1 LICHT ALS EEN GOLF

Bij veel chemische analyses: absorptie of emissie van elektromagnetische straling

Elektromagnetische golven bewegen in vacuüm met de lichtsnelheid, waarbij geldt dat:
c  = golflengte (m)
λ= c = lichtsnelheid = 3x108 m/s → cte
f f = frequentie (Hz)




f=
=f




1.2 LICHT ALS EEN DEELTJE

Lichtdeeltjes worden fotonen genoemd, waarbij geldt dat :
E = energie (J)
E=h×f h = constante van Planck = 6,626x10-34 J.sec
f = frequentie (Hz)


1.3 ABSORPTIE VAN LICHT

Foton nadert deeltje in grondtoestand → deeltje word geëxciteerd :
M + h . f → M*

Deeltje is hier onstabiel en valt naar originele toestand (relaxatie) waarbij overtollige E wordt overgedragen :
M* → M + warmte




Een foton met een te lagen energie zal een deeltje niet kunnen exciteren




3
Moons N

Written for

Institution
Study
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
December 19, 2023
Number of pages
34
Written in
2023/2024
Type
SUMMARY

Subjects

$6.52
Get access to the full document:

Wrong document? Swap it for free Within 14 days of purchase and before downloading, you can choose a different document. You can simply spend the amount again.
Written by students who passed
Immediately available after payment
Read online or as PDF


Also available in package deal

Get to know the seller

Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
nettemoons Artesis Plantijn Hogeschool Antwerpen
Follow You need to be logged in order to follow users or courses
Sold
49
Member since
3 year
Number of followers
11
Documents
22
Last sold
1 week ago

4.5

11 reviews

5
6
4
4
3
1
2
0
1
0

Trending documents

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Frequently asked questions