CURRENT EVENTS IN BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM-49 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

oxygen Desalination plants can lower what levels in the water because the plants are removing the salt and spitting that salt back into the ocean, causing briny water? RNA Inhaling what can cure cystic fibrosis because this stuff can make proteins that will help fight the disease? ghrelin Which hormone makes food appealing and can result in overindulgence by releasing dopamine when food is sighted? It can also be used to treat eating disorders and loss of appetite from chemotherapy. cluster together To avoid infecting the rest of the colony, ants infected with a disease will do what and quarantine themselves from the rest of the group? no Is there a major difference in classical music and "relaxation" music when it comes to relaxing the subject? irisin Exercise produces what hormone, which strengthens and improves bones and bone density? sclerostin Exercise produces irisin, which strengthens and improves bones and bone density. But bone building needs a bit of breakdown first, and what hormone is promoted by irisin and breaks down bone? plasmid and gene (from a chromosome) In the first step of genetic engineering, you isolate a what from bacteria and a what from the human? enzymes In the first step of genetic engineering, you isolate a plasmid from bacteria and a gene from the human, and then you cut open and insert the gene into the plasmid using whats? replicate In the first step of genetic engineering, you isolate a plasmid from bacteria and a gene from the human, and then you cut open and insert the gene into the plasmid using enzymes. Finally, you put the plasmid back in the bacteria, allowing it to what? This produces more of the gene you want. particle gun Using what method of genetic engineering in plants can you use metal particles coated with the DNA encoding desired genes and bombard the plant with them? insulin Genetic engineering can be used medically to produce things like what hormone? This is done by putting the gene for this into bacterial plasmids and allowing those bacteria to replicate. seeds Though GMOs can be used to produce crops more nutritiously and more quickly, one downside is that big corporations can force farmers to buy their genetically modified whats? Small farmers can't replant these. monocultures GMOs can also result in what type of farms, which are bad for the soil, and can make the entire crop susceptible to disease? totipotent Which type of stem cells can become an entirely new organism by themselves (placenta + embryo)? They are the zygote. pluripotent Which type of stem cells can become any organ in the body except placenta and embryo? multipotent Which type of stem cells can only become one type of cell (ex. blood cells, liver cells)? microbe What is an organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye called? rainfall In the podcast on extremophiles, the extremophiles in the Atacama Desert were involved in a "microbial massacre" due to excessive what that year? These xerophiles were used to living in dry conditions. pH Nanotechnology is involved in drug release by using particles activated by what, which release their drug only in infected cells? gold Bacteria can be killed using nanoparticles by using what type of metal nanoparticles which are heated up so much so that they kill bacteria? dressings (bandages) Nanoparticles have also been used as antibiotics when they are added to whats, which are wrapped around the wound? cellular respiration Nanocrystalline silver has also been used as an antimicrobial because the silver cations can block what process in bacteria? microbivores What are nanoparticles involved in antimicrobial processes in which they roam around and "eat" bacteria? 1st example isolated in 1968 In the flu virus A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2), what does the "1/68" part stand for? Type (can either be Type A or B) In the flu virus A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2), what does the "A" part mean? HA type 3 and NA type 2 In the flu virus A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2), what does the "H3N2" part stand for? cell grown Which type of flu virus vaccines are more similar to the wild type: cell grown or egg grown? autosomal Which type of DNA analysis is inherited from both sides of the family and contains a genetic record that includes most ancestors? disjointed Autosomal DNA analysis is inherited from both sides of the family. However, autosomal DNA becomes more what with each subsequent generation?