Paramedic NREMT Exam Prep (Answered) 2023/2024

Paramedic NREMT Exam Prep (Answered) 2023/2024 The Parkland formula for the total fluid requirement in 24 hours is as follows: 4ml x TBSA (%) x body weight (kg); 50% given in first eight hours; 50% given in next 16 hours. What is the Parkland Formula? Graves The majority of symptoms of ________ disease are caused by the excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid Graves _________ disease is thought to be caused by an antibody that stimulates overproduction of thyroid hormone. People with this disease have the symptoms of hyperthyroidism (e.g., elevated heart rate and blood pressure, increased appetite, increased activity level) plus a visibly enlarged thyroid gland (goiter), bulging eyes, and sometimes raised areas of skin over the shins. Myasthenia gravis ____________ is a disease caused by antibody response to self-antigens on acetylcholine receptors and the striations of skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is characterized by abnormal function of the neuromuscular junction, resulting in episodes of muscular weakness. Graves People with this disease have the symptoms of hyperthyroidism (e.g., elevated heart rate and blood pressure, increased appetite, increased activity level) plus a visibly enlarged thyroid gland (goiter), bulging eyes, and sometimes raised areas of skin over the shins. Addison's ________ disease is a disorder that occurs when your body produces insufficient amounts of certain hormones produced by your adrenal glands. In this disease, your adrenal glands produce too little cortisol and often insufficient levels of aldosterone as well. A=Alcohol/Acidosis E=Epilipsey I-Infection O=Overdose U=Uremia or Kidney Failure T=Trauma, Toxins, Tumor I=Insulin Hypogylcemia or DKA P=Poisons or Psychosis S=Stroke or Seizure Acronym for determining common causes of mental status is AEIOU-TIPS. Name each one: Wernicke's syndrome ___________ is an acute but reversible encephalopathy or brain disease characterized by ataxia, eye muscle weakness, and mental derangement. Korsakoff's psychosis psychosis characterized by disorientation, muttering delirium, insomnia, delusions, and hallucinations. Symptoms include painful extremities, bilateral wrist drop (rarely), bilateral foot drop (frequently), and pain on pressure over the long nerves. Wernicke's syndrome condition characterized by loss of memory and disorientation, associated with chronic alcohol intake and a diet deficient in thiamine. Mallampati Scale Waddell's triad ___________ is a pattern of injury seen in pedestrian children who are struck by motor vehicles. The triad comprises: fractured femoral shaft. intra-thoracic or intra-abdominal injuries. contralateral head injury. Addison's disease Symptoms may include weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes. Waddell's triad Mallory-Weiss tear esophageal laceration, usually secondary to vomiting. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome condition that causes the stomach to secrete excessive amounts of hydrochloric acid and pepsin. visceral pain dull, poorly localized pain that originates in the walls of hollow organs such as the ureter or bladder. afferent Sensory nerves are _______ nerves. somatic pain sharp, localized pain that originates in walls of the body such as skeletal muscles. BP goes up, Pulse falls and respiration fall Signs of Cushings triad is opposite of the signs of shock. Describe what happens to BP, Pulse and Respirations in cushings triad BP drops, Pulse rises and respirations rise Describe what happens to BP, Pulse and Respirations in shock: Addison's Disease Also called adrenal insufficiency aberrant conduction conduction of the electrical impulse through the heart's conductive system in an abnormal fashion. absence seizure type of generalized seizure with sudden onset, characterized by a brief loss of awareness and rapid recovery. absence An _________ seizure causes a short period of "blanking out" or staring into space. Like other kinds of seizures, they are caused by abnormal activity in a person's brain. You may also hear people call these seizures petit mal ("PUH-tee mahl") seizures, although that name is not common anymore. acquired immunity immunity that develops over time and results from exposure to an antigen. active immunity _________ is an acquired immunity that occurs following exposure to an antigen and results in the production of antibodies specific for the antigen; protection against disease developed after birth as a result of a direct exposure to the disease. acute coronary syndrome (ACS) What is a spectrum of coronary artery disease processes from myocardial ischemia and myocardial injury to myocardial infarction that includes the clinical entities of stable and unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) What is a form of pulmonary edema that is caused by fluid accumulation in the interstitial space within the lungs. acute tubular necrosis a particular syndrome characterized by the sudden death of tubular cells. Addison's disease What is an endocrine disorder characterized by adrenocortical insufficiency. Symptoms may include weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes. Addisonian crisis form of shock associated with adrenocortical insufficiency and characterized by profound hypotension and electrolyte imbalances. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Also called Lou Gehrig's disease. afferent carrying impulses toward the central nervous system. afterload the resistance against which the heart must pump. Alzheimer's disease a degenerative brain disorder; the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progressive degeneration of specific nerve cells that control voluntary movement characterized by weakness, loss of motor control, difficulty speaking, and cramping. anastomosis communication between two or more vessels. anemia an inadequate number of red blood cells or inadequate hemoglobin within the red blood cells. angina pectoris chest pain that results when the heart's oxygen requirements exceed oxygen supply available from blood. angioneurotic edema marked edema of the skin that usually involves the head, neck, face, and upper airway; a common manifestation of severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis.