ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam

ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: - CORRECT ANSWER: providing antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals. Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale? - CORRECT ANSWER: Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time. Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: - CORRECT ANSWER: can cause "red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal. The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: - CORRECT ANSWER: narcan. The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: - CORRECT ANSWER: thromboembolism. When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: - CORRECT ANSWER: higher dose needed to achieve same effect. Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: - CORRECT ANSWER: Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? – CORRECT ANSWER: Bounding pulse Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: - CORRECT ANSWER: are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction. A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? – CORRECT ANSWER: One hour before the flight Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to penicillin. Why is this important to assess? – CORRECT ANSWER: A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins. The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? – CORRECT ANSWER: Tetracyclines In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? – CORRECT ANSWER: Epinephrine Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: - CORRECT ANSWER: decrease tubular reabsorption of sodium and water. Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined plasma albumin levels in older adults? – CORRECT ANSWER: "There is an increased risk for adverse effects." To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a beclomethasone inhaler to take which action? – CORRECT ANSWER: Rinse the mouth after each use. A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse give? – CORRECT ANSWER: "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis." The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: - CORRECT ANSWER: facilitate mucus expectoration. Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of anti-hypertensive drugs? – CORRECT ANSWER: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? – CORRECT ANSWER: Protracted muscle spasticity Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of this client? – CORRECT ANSWER: Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness. The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use of this medication? – CORRECT ANSWER: Hypertension