CMSRN GI Study Guide 2024 Questions and Answers

People that have GERD or frequently take NSAIDS are at higher risk for? - GI bleeds Is GI bleeding always visible to patients? - No What 2 diagnostic tests are helpful in GI bleeds - Endoscopy and CBC What kind of fluid replacement is necessary for most GI bleeds? - Isotonic IVF Cirrhosis occurs when - Scar tissue develops over the liver. Lipids store into cells throughout the body What are the 3 s/s of cirrhosis? - Abdominal pain, drowsiness, & unexplained weight loss What 2 types of patients are more likely to have cirrhosis? - Alcholics and Hep C patients What 3 medications help cirrhosis? - Diuretics, zinc, and beta blockers When cirrhosis becomes too extensive, you may need a - Liver transplant Foreign body - Swallowing something inedible Most foreign bodies get stuck in the - Oropharynx What 3 types of people are at higher risk for swallowing a foreign body? - Children, elderly, and psych patients What size does an object need to be to be considered an intestinal blockage? - 2 cm or greater What diagnostic test identifies an intestinal blockage? - X ray or ultrasound Promotility medications are given to help with removal of - Foreign bodies Laparoscopic procedures are sometimes performed if the foreign body is - Overly sharp, toxic, or high risk to hurt the tissues in the body Are GI obstructions the same as a foreign body? - No GI obstructions are caused by what? - The body's own tissues or organic compounds What 3 diagnostic tests are used to find a GI obstruction? - Ultrasound, X-ray or Endoscopy GI obstructions especially ones that hemorrhage or cause necrosis require surgery, known as a: - Colectomy Treatments for GI obstructions include - IVF, possible NGT, bowel rest, and abx Gastroenteritis occurs when - The GI system is irritated by a foreign body, Norovirus, or bacteria from tainted water/food Most common cause of Gastroenteritis is - Norovirus Signs and symptoms of Gastroenteritis include - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and rapid HR Treatments for Gastroenteritis include - IVF, abx, antivirals, antidiarrheals, bowel rest Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - When the body responds negatively to natural bacterial found in the gut Crohn's disease - Type of IBD in the small intestine Symptoms of Crohn's disease include - Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea that may be bloody What test helps to identify blood in the stool? - Fecal occult stool test Granulomas - Inflammatory cells that trigger the effects of Crohn's disease What diagnostic test is used to identify Crohn's? - Colonoscopy What medications help control Crohn's? - Corticosteroids & Oral-5 Aminosalicylates Is there a cure for Crohn's? - No, it requires lifelong treatment Ulcerative Colitis - Inflammation with ulcers/sores in the lining of the digestive tract/rectum Symptoms of Ulcerative ColitiPeople that have GERD or frequently take NSAIDS are at higher risk for? - GI bleeds Is GI bleeding always visible to patients? - No What 2 diagnostic tests are helpful in GI bleeds - Endoscopy and CBC What kind of fluid replacement is necessary for most GI bleeds? - Isotonic IVF Cirrhosis occurs when - Scar tissue develops over the liver. Lipids store into cells throughout the body What are the 3 s/s of cirrhosis? - Abdominal pain, drowsiness, & unexplained weight loss What 2 types of patients are more likely to have cirrhosis? - Alcholics and Hep C patients What 3 medications help cirrhosis? - Diuretics, zinc, and beta blockers When cirrhosis becomes too extensive, you may need a - Liver transplant Foreign body - Swallowing something inedible Most foreign bodies get stuck in the - Oropharynx What 3 types of people are at higher risk for swallowing a foreign body? - Children, elderly, and psych patients What size does an object need to be to be considered an intestinal blockage? - 2 cm or greater What diagnostic test identifies an intestinal blockage? - X ray or ultrasound Promotility medications are given to help with removal of - Foreign bodies Laparoscopic procedures are sometimes performed if the foreign body is - Overly sharp, toxic, or high risk to hurt the tissues in the body Are GI obstructions the same as a foreign body? - No GI obstructions are caused by what? - The body's own tissues or organic compounds What 3 diagnostic tests are used to find a GI obstruction? - Ultrasound, X-ray or Endoscopy GI obstructions especially ones that hemorrhage or cause necrosis require surgery, known as a: - Colectomy Treatments for GI obstructions include - IVF, possible NGT, bowel rest, and abx Gastroenteritis occurs when - The GI system is irritated by a foreign body, Norovirus, or bacteria from tainted water/food Most common cause of Gastroenteritis is - Norovirus Signs and symptoms of Gastroenteritis include - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and rapid HR Treatments for Gastroenteritis include - IVF, abx, antivirals, antidiarrheals, bowel rest Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - When the body responds negatively to natural bacterial found in the gut Crohn's disease - Type of IBD in the small intestine Symptoms of Crohn's disease include - Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea that may be bloody What test helps to identify blood in the stool? - Fecal occult stool test Granulomas - Inflammatory cells that trigger the effects of Crohn's disease What diagnostic test is used to identify Crohn's? - Colonoscopy What medications help control Crohn's? - Corticosteroids & Oral-5 Aminosalicylates Is there a cure for Crohn's? - No, it requires lifelong treatment Ulcerative Colitis - Inflammation with ulcers/sores in the lining of the digestive tract/rectum Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis include - Abdominal pain with diarrhea that has blood and pus in it What are the 3 types of UC? - Proctosigmoiditis, Left sided colitis, and Pancolitis Proctosigmoitis - Inflammation of rectum/sigmoid colon s include - Abdominal pain with diarrhea that has blood and pus in it What are the 3 types of UC? - Proctosigmoiditis, Left sided colitis, and Pancolitis Proctosigmoitis - Inflammation of rectum/sigmoid colon