CLEP COLLEGE COMPOSITION CH. 1 EXAM-32 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

Syntax The arrangement of words inside a sentence Parallelism Sentences containing a series of items should be written in the same form (e.g. "the dog, the cat, and the chicken," NOT "the dog, cat, and the chicken") and include similar grammatical makeup. Correct sentence structure requires similar grammatical elements to express corresponding ideas or thoughts. Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:01 / 0:15 Full screen Coordination Joining two related sentences with punctuation and a conjunction Subordination Joining two related sentences when one of the sentences is less important Boundaries Errors in sentence structure such as, comma-splices, run-on sentences, and sentence fragments. Fragment an incomplete sentence structure that may or may not contain a subject and verb. Comma-splice Joining two independent clauses with a comma Specific language More descriptive words Antecedent The noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to which another noun or a pronoun refers Grammatical case refers to the function a noun or pronoun plays in a sentence. Diction Word choice Modifiers are words (often adjectives or adverbs), phrases, or clauses that add extra information to a sentence. Noun A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Pronoun The part of speech that replaces a noun without identifying it with a name Adjectives Words that add information (modify) to a noun Verbs Words that show action or a state of being Adverbs modify or describe verbs and often end in "-ly." Restricting modifiers add information (without punctuation) that changes the meaning of the sentence if removed. Dangling modifiers (misplaced modifiers) Modifiers that modify an unintended word causing confusion Non restricting modifiers Phrases that can be removed from sentences without changing the meaning of the sentence Idiom Figurative phrases that have a different meaning than their literal words. Active voice Is strong, direct and clearly identifies the subject of the sentence Passive voice Weaker, obscure, and vague. It's is unclear who is doing the action in the sentence. Subject is a word, phrase, or clause that names a noun, pronoun, or something functioning as a noun in a sentence. Predicate is a verb, a verb's objects, or a phrase that identifies what a subject is doing or what is being done to a subject. A sentence must contain A subject and a predicate Phrase A group of words without a noun or a predicate Deductive reasoning Reasoning from the general to the specific Inductive reasoning Reasoning from the specific to the general Abductive reasoning Logical reasoning that precedes deductive or inductive reasoning and means having a "hunch" about a conclusion, based on seemingly-unrelated facts that intuitively seem connected Colons introduce text or a list, clarify relationships, or add emphasis. Apostrophes show possession or identify omitted letters or numbers.