FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM REVIEWS 2023/2024

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM REVIEWS 2023/2024 What are the most important roles of the nurse (5) - CORRECT ANSWER-Caregiver Advocate Educator Researcher Leader What are the 5 steps in the nursing process? - CORRECT ANSWER-(1) Assessment (2) Nursing Diagnosis (3) Planning (4) Implementation (5) Evaluation *** All of the above require critical thinking! Define Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or situation. - info medical personnel can look at - begins the moment you walk through the door Can the RN provide subjective information about patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-NO! Only the patient can give subjective info. OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells What is the Diagnosis phase? - CORRECT ANSWER-Analyze the assessment and make a clinical judgement related to an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL health problem. ** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems. ** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s) What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-First info → Related to → as evidence by WHAT is the problem? WHY is it a problem? WHAT is the evidence of that problem? Ex: "Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by crying)" What are the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION? - CORRECT ANSWER-This is the statement of how a patient's status will change once interventions have been successfully instituted Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation. Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met. Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process - CORRECT ANSWER-Develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes. - Prioritize strategies - Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long term Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process - CORRECT ANSWER-The actions to facilitate positive patient outcomes What three skills are needed in order to implement goals? - CORRECT ANSWERCognitive Personal Psychomotor Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process - CORRECT ANSWER-This describes how well the patients needs were met (or not met). Done through reassessment What percentage of all communication is nonverbal? - CORRECT ANSWER-90% What two characteristics should nurses always exude? - CORRECT ANSWER-CARING COMPETENCE How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process? - CORRECT ANSWER-Verbal interviewing and history taking Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behavior Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination. Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review. Define REFERENT - CORRECT ANSWER-The referent motivates one person to communicate with another. Examples of referents: sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions, sensations, perceptions, ideas, etc. Define SENDER in communication - CORRECT ANSWER-The person who encodes and delivers the message. Sender puts ideas or feelings into form that is transmitted and is responsible for accuracy and emotional tone of message content What is the RECEIVER in the communication process? - CORRECT ANSWER-The person who receives and decodes the message ** senders message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to, translating, and responding to the message. MESSAGE in communication process - CORRECT ANSWER-Content of communication.... verbal, nonverbal & symbolic language. CHANNELS in communication process - CORRECT ANSWER-These are the means of conveying the message through visual, auditory, and tactile senses. Facial expression = visual message Spoken word = auditory Touch = tactile FEEDBACK in communication process - CORRECT ANSWER-The message that the receiver returns. This indicates if receiver understood meaning of message. Sender can evaluate effectiveness of communication.