ASCP Urinalysis/Body Fluids Test With Correct Answer

What is he major functional unit of the kidney? -Answer nephron Approximately how many nephrons are there per kidney? -Answer 1 million The nephron is composed of? -Answer glomerulus, renal tubules What is a glomerulus composed of? -Answer capillary vessels What is the function of a glomerulus? -Answer non-selective filter of plasma substances less than 70k MW What substances comprise the glomerular fjiltrate? -Answer water, glucose, electrolytes, amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatinine, ammonia What is the function of the proximal tubule? -Answer reabsorbs water, NaCl, HCO3, K, Ca, amino acids, PO4, protein, glucose Glucose is a threshold substance that reabsorbs within the proximal tubule at? -Answer 160 - 189 mg/dl or less What does the descending loop of henle reabsorb? -Answer water What doesn't the descending loop of henle reabsorb? -Answer solutes What does the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? -Answer solutes (Na, Cl, Ca, Mg) What doesn't the ascending loop of henle reabsorb? -Answer water What do the distal and collecting tubules reabsorb? -Answer Na What do the distal and collecting tubules secrete? -Answer K, NH4, H+ Potassium ions are exchanged for what in the distal and collecting tubules? -Answer Na ions What is the rate of filtration of the glomerulus? -Answer 120 ml/min or 1/5 of renal plasma What is the normal amount of urine excreted per day? -Answer ml/day Polyuria is defined as? -Answer greater than 2500 ml of urine excreted per day (excess urine excretion)