MCAT DIGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 LATEST UPDATE

Which of the following associations correctly matches a gastric cell with a compound it secretes? A. G-cells-->HCl B. Chief cells->pesinogen C. Parietal cells-->alkaline mucous D. Mucous cells- intrinsic factors B. Chief cells->pesinogen Which of the following is NOT part of the small intestine? A. Ileum B. Cecum C. Jejunum D. Duodenum B. Cecum Brainpower Read More 0:13 / 0:15 In an experiment, enteropeptidase secretion was blocked. As a direct result, levels of all of the following active enzymes would likely be affected except: A. Trypsin B. aminopeptidase C. Chymotrypsin D. carboxypeptidase A B. aminopeptidase Which of the following INCORRECTLY pairs a digestive enzyme with its function? A. Trypsin- hydrolyzes specific peptide bonds B. Lactase- hydrolyzes lactose to glucose C. Pancreatic amylase- hydrolyzes starch to maltose D. Lipase- emulsifies fat D. Lipase- emulsifies fat Which of the following correctly lists two organs in which proteins are digested? A. mouth and stomach B. stomach and large intestine C. stomach and small intestine D. small intestine and large intestine D. small intestine and large intestine Which of the following choices INCORRECTLY pairs a digestive enzyme with its site of secretion? A. sucrase- salivary glands B. carboxypeptidase- pancreas C. trypsin- pancreas D. lactase- duodenum A. sucrase- salivary glands A two-week old infant is brought to the ER. His mother reports that he has been unable to keep milk down; shortly after he nurses he has sudden projectile vomiting. During exam, an olive-shaped mass can be felt in his upper abdomen. It is determined that there is constriction in the digestive system that prevents food from reaching the small intestine from the stomach. Which structure is most likely the site of the problem? A. Cardiac sphincter B. pyloric sphincter C. ileocecal valve D. internal anal sphincter B. pyloric sphincter Many medications have anticholinergic side effects which block the activity of the parasympathetic neurons throughout the body. Older individuals may be on many such medications simultaneously, exacerbating the side effects. Which of the following would NOT be expected in an individual taking medications with anticholinergic activity? A. Dry mouth B. Diarrhea C. Slow gastric emptying D. decreased gastric acid production B. diarrhea Which of the following would NOT likely lead to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood? A. cholangiocarcinoma- a CA of the bile ducts that can ultimately lead to full occlusion of the duct lumen B. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a disease in which the RBC's are attacked by antibodies and are lysed C. Menetrier's disease, in which rugae thicken and overlying glands lose secretory ability D. Tylenol OD, in which accumulation of toxic metabolites can cause rapid liver failure. C. Menetrier's disease, in which rugae thicken and overlying glands lose secretory ability Which of the following correctly pairs the molecule with its primary site of absorption? A. Chylomicrons- lacteals B. Amino Acids- large intestine C. Vitamins A and E- stomach D. Cholesterol- ascending colon A. Chylomicrons- lacteals Starch is hydrolyzed into maltose by enzymes from the: I. Salivary glands II. brush border III. pancreas A. I only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II, and III B I and III only Which of the following biomolecules does NOT drain into the liver before arriving to the right side of the heart? A. Cholecalciferol (Vit D) B. Threonine (an amino acid) C. Fructose (a monosaccharide) D. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) A. Vitamin D while capillaries form the intestine come together to form the portal vein, which drains to the liver, the lacteals come together to form the thoracic duct, which drain directly into the left subclavian vein. Therefore, a fat-soluble compound does not pass through the liver before reaching the right heart