Biology Revision Finals - Paper 1 Questions With Expert Written & Verified Solutions | UPDATED

Biology Revision Finals - Paper 1 Questions With Expert Written & Verified Solutions | UPDATED What is mitosis? What is it used for? 1 mother cell splits into 2 daughter cells. Growth and repair What are the four stags of mitosis? Acronym: Pee (on the) MAT Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase What is the cell cycle? the life cycle of a cell What are chromosomes? Where are they found? Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules. Found In nucleus What is the total number of chromosomes that we have? 46 - 23 from mother, 23 from father What is meiosis? 1 mother cell splits into 4 cells with half of the original amount of genetic information What are the five stages of meiosis? Acronym: I Pee (on the) MAT Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase What is binary fission? A form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotic cells What are the steps of binary fission? 1. DNA replication 2. cell elongation 3. septation 4. cell pinches off When do cells typically divide? When an organism grows, to replace damaged cells Before dividing (mitosis), what must a cell do? Duplicate its genetic information Eukaryotic cell is..? Remember: "Eu" - You A cell that contains a nucleus 00:0203:35 What are plasmids? Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria What is a stem cell? an undifferentiated cell. A cell which has not yet become specialised is called unspecialised What is differentiation? the process by which cells become specialised What is therapeutic cloning? - An embryo could be made to have the same genetic information as the patient - The stem cells produced from it would also contain the same genes - They wouldn't be rejected by the patient's body if used to replace faulty cells What are the issues with stem cells? - May not be able to be manipulated to produce all cell types - Ethical issues - An embryo must be sacrificed - Adult stem cells can cause abnormalities - Expensive to gathe