BIOL 1P91: Final Exam Verified Questions & Correct Answers | ExpertWritten Solution | Latests up

BIOL 1P91: Final Exam Verified Questions & Correct Answers | ExpertWritten Solution | Latests update How many parental strands are involved in DNA replication? 2 What nucleotide pairs with adenine? Thymine What nucleotide pairs with cytosine? Guanine Where is the origin of DNA replication? 2 Replication forks How many origin of replication is present in bacteria? One What direction does DNA replication move on the forks? Outwards What is a DNA helicase? Separates double stranded DNA into single strands What is a DNA topoisomerase? Removes tightened coil ahead of replication fork What is the purpose of single stranded binding proteins? Binds to single stranded DNA and prevents it from reforming a double helix What is the role of DNA polymerase? Synthesizes DNA in the leading and lagging strands, removes RNA primers and fills in gaps What are the features of DNA polymerase? 1. DNA polymerase cannot begin synthesis on a bare template strand 2. DNA polymerase only works 5' to 3' What is DNA ligase? Covalently attaches adjacent Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand What is DNA primase? Synthesizes short RNA primers A tRNA anticodon has the sequence 3' -CAG-5'. What amino acid does this tRNA carry? The anticodon is 3' -CAG-5', to it is complementary to a codon with a sequence 5'-GUC-3'. According to the genetic code, this codon specifies the amino acid valine. Therefore, this tRNA carries valine What is the leading strand? DNA synthesized in as one long molecule DNA primase makes a single RNA primer DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in a 5' to 3' direction as it slides forward What is the lagging strand? DNA synthesized 5' to 3' as Okazaki (RNA primers and DNA) fragments Approximately how many genes are there in the human body? 20,000 What are the 2 types of RNA? Protein coding mRNA and Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) What is a gene? An organized unit of base sequences that enable DNA to be transcribed to mRNA specified amino acid sequences of a protein Where does transcription occur? inside the nucleus How do genes determine traits? genes are the blueprints f