BIO 101 EXAM 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS

BIO 101 EXAM 150 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS cell wall - ANSWER A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell Chloroplasts - ANSWER Organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis Endergonic reactions - ANSWER reactions that absorb energy; the products have more energy than the reactants (i.e. dehydration) exergonic reations - ANSWER Chemical reactions that release energy (i.e. hydrolysis reactions) endocytosis - ANSWER The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell exocytosis - ANSWER The process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out Pinocytosis - ANSWER A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes diffusion - ANSWER Moves molecules from higher to lower concentrations, is PASSIVE transport active transport - ANSWER Moves molecules across cell from lower to higher concentrations, requires energy Photosynthesis - ANSWER Process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars Greenhouse effect - ANSWER Gases that retain more heat reflected back to Earth rather than into space (esp. CO2, CH4 (Methane), and H2O (water vapor) mitosis - ANSWER When chromosomes are sorted into equal, identical sets meiosis - ANSWER cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms (chromosomes sorted into single set) 1st law - ANSWER Energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can be transformed from one kind to another but the total energy of the universe if constant 2nd law - ANSWER Every energy transfer results in an increasing disorder within the universe. anabolic metabolism - ANSWER Uses dehydration synthesis (release water) reaction to build large molecules from small molecule