TNCC 8th edition Latest Update Correct 100%

TNP Trauma Nursing Process - ANSWER Rienforces a systemic and standardized approach to trauma nursing care and skills using an intergeated approach to trauma teamwork, communication and collabration Trauma - ANSWER Leading cause of death ages 1-44 approx one person every 3 min brief - ANSWER Planned teamwork event designated to form a team, designate team roles and responsibilities, establish climate goals, and engage in team short and long term goals huddle - ANSWER Ideally convened prior to trauma arrival for the purpose of solving a problem and regaining situational awareness Debrief - ANSWER to explain the purposes and methods of a completed procedure to a participant trauma - ANSWER wound or injury to living tissue caused by a extrinsic agent laws of physics - ANSWER When the intensity of the applied energy exceeds the capacity of tissue resistance, trauma occurs kinetic energy - ANSWER energy of motion Biomechanics - ANSWER The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces. Kinematics - ANSWER study of pure motion mechanical energy - ANSWER How external energy forces in the environment are transferred to the body Newton's first law of motion - ANSWER Explains that a body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will remain in motion unless acted by an object Newton's Second Law - ANSWER Force = mass x acceleration Newton's Third Law - ANSWER For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force resulting kinetic energy - ANSWER energy of body in motion penetrating trauma - ANSWER injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissues Bullet related trauma - ANSWER Thermal Trauma - ANSWER An injury that results in the burning or freezing of tissues blast trauma - ANSWER Occurs when energy in the form of light heat and sound is released rapidly Rollover collisions with ejection - ANSWER Ejection from the vehicle significantly increases the probability of fatal injury kenetic energy KE - ANSWER Speed increases energy by the square of the velocity and can influence the extent of injury. Velocity and KE are positively correlated with destruction - ANSWER KE increases velocity, although velocity is relative it is the projectile KE that causes damage by transferring energy to the tissue Cavitation - ANSWER The formation of cavities in an organ or tissue Explosion in an enclosed space - ANSWER Increase in pressure relative to the explosion that occurs in open environment, the increases pressure compounds the blast effects and potentially increases internal and external injury severity Primary Survey A - ANSWER Across the room assessment for uncontrolled bleeding, Airway and alertness with simultaneous cervical stabilization Primary Survey B - ANSWER Breathing and ventilation Primary Survey C - ANSWER circulation and control of bleeding Primary survey D - ANSWER Disability (neurological status) Primary Survey E - ANSWER Exposure and environmental control Primary survey F - ANSWER Full set of vitals and family presence Primary Survey g - ANSWER Get monitoring devices and give comfort Secondary survey H - ANSWER History & head to toe assessment Secondary survey I - ANSWER Inspect posterior surfaces Secondary Survey J - ANSWER Just keep reevaluating A-I Secondary Survey L - ANSWER Labs T&S ABG lactate Secondary survey M - ANSWER Monitor for cardiac rhythm and rate assessment Secondary survey N - ANSWER Nasogastric or orogastic tube consideration Secondary Survey O - ANSWER Oxygenation and ventilation, end tidal ETCO2 or capnography for intubated or sedated patients Secondary survey P - ANSWER Pain assessment & management The MARCH Mnemonic - ANSWER Massive hemorrhage Airway Respiration Circulation Head injury/hypothermia massive hemorrhage - ANSWER Control life threatening bleeding with tourniquets, combat gauze, celox gauze, chito gauze, replacement of blood loss RBC/PLT airway - ANSWER Establish airway/maintain patent airway Respiration - ANSWER Decompress suspected tension pneumothorax, seal open chest wounds, and support ventilation & oxygenation as required Circulation - ANSWER Provide Vascular access, IV/IO and administer fluids to treat shock Head Injury/Hypothermia - ANSWER Prevent or treat hypotension & hypoxia to prevent worsening of traumatic brain injury & prevent or treat hypothermia Double starred criteria - ANSWER Alertness Airway Breathing and ventilation Circulation and control of hemorrhage Disability (neurologic status) Exposure and environmental control AVPU scale - ANSWER Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive ETCO2 - ANSWER Measurements between 35-45mm Hg shows effective ventilation A level greater than 50mm Hg signifies depressed ventilation