TEST 3 PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS REVIEWS

TEST 3 PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS REVIEWS A patient tells the nurse that he has started to take an OTC antihistamine, diphenhydramine. In teaching about side effects, what is most important for the nurse to tell the patient? A: To avoid insominia, do not take this drug at bedtime. B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug C: Nightmares and nervousness are more likely in an adult D: Medication may cause excessive secretions - CORRECT ANSWER-B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug A patient complains of a sore throat and has been told it is due to beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. The nurse anticipates that the patient has which acute condition? A. Rhinitis B. Sinusitis C. Pharyngitis D. Rhinorrhea - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Pharyngitis A patient is prescribed a decongestant nasal spray that contains oxymetazoline. What will the nurse teach the patient? A. Take this drug at bedtime because it may cause drowsiness. B. Directly spray the medication away from the nasal septum and gently sniff. C. This drug may be used in maintenance treatment for asthma. D. Limit use of the drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Limit use of the drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion A patent has been prescribed guaifensin. The nurse understands that the purpose of the drug is to accomplish what? A. Treat allergic rhinitis and prevent motion sickness B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them C. Complete with histamine for receptor sites, thus preventing a histamine response. D. Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, thus producing vascular constriction of capillaries in nasal mucosa - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them Beclomethasone has been prescribed for a patient with allergic rhinitis. What should the nurse teach the patient regarding this medications? A. This may be used for an acute attack. B. An oral form is available if the patient prefers to use it. C. Avoid large amounts of caffeine intake because an increased heart rate may occur. D. With continuous use, dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur - CORRECT ANSWER-D. With continuous use, dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur The nurse is teaching a patient about diphenhydramine. Which instructions should the nurse include in the patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply) A. Take medication on an empty stomach to facilitate absorption B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants. C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth. E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the medication - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants. C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth. E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the medication Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combination inhalation is ordered for a patient with COPD. What does the nurse now about this medication? A. It can be used to treat an acute attack. B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler. C. It contains a beta1 agonist and cromolyn. D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day. E. It promotes bronchodilation. - CORRECT ANSWER-B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler. D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day. E. It promotes bronchodilation. A patient with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will prescribe which medications. A. Zafirlukast B. Epinephrine C. Dexamethasone D. Beclomethasone - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Epinephrine A patient is prescribed aminophylline-theophylline. For what adverse effect should the nurse monitor the patient? A. Drowsiness B. Hypoglycemia C. Increased heart rate D. Decreased white blood cell count - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Increased heart rate A patient is receiving intravenous aminophylline. The nurse checks the patient's lab values and sees the serum theophylline level is 32 mcg/ml. What action should the nurse take? A. Assess the patient's breath sounds for improvement. B. Increase the dosage per sliding-scale directions. C. Notify the health care provider of the level D. Have the laboratory collect another sample to verify the results. - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Notify the health care provider of the level A patient with COPD is taking the leukotriene antagonist montelukast. The nurse is aware that this medication is given for which purpose? A. Maintenance treatment of asthma B. Treatment of acute asthmatic attack C. Reversing bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease D. Treatment of inflammation in chronic bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER-A. Maintenance treatment of asthma A patient is to receive a chemotherapy protocol that includes an alkylating agent, an antimetabolite, and an antitumor antibiotic. The patient asks the nurse why so much chemotherapy is needed. What is the nurse's best response? A. A protocol that uses a combination of chemotherapeutic agents works in the S phase to kill cells. B. Combinations chemotherapy increases the extent of tumor cell killing. C. Combination chemotherapy uses drugs that work the same way. D. An outcome of the use of combination chemotherapy is that it has no dose-limiting toxicities. - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Combinations chemotherapy increases the extent of tumor cell killing. A patient is scheduled to receive chemotherapy drugs that will cause myelosuppression. Which action by the nurse will be most important? A. Monitor for a change in temperature. B. Evaluate gastrointestinal function C. Assess for evidence of cardiac compromise D. Question the patient about changes in sense of taste. - CORRECT ANSWER-A. Monitor for a change in temperature. The nurse is caring for a patient with colorectal cancer who is to receive fluorouracil. Which symptom will be most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider. A. Nausea B. Decreased appetite C. Bleeding gums D. Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Bleeding gums A patient in the outpatient oncology clinic complains of fatigue after receiving chemotherapy. Which initial nursing intervention will be most appropriate? A. Assess for other factors contributing to her fatigue, such as trouble sleeping B. Encourage a high-protein, high-calorie diet, and design it with the patient C. Refer the patient to a physical therapist to develop a strenuous exercise program D. Encourage the patient to sleep as much as possible during the day to ease fatigue - CORRECT ANSWER-A. Assess for other factors contributing to her fatigue, such as trouble sleeping A patient in the outpatient oncology clinic has developed mucosistis after receiving fluorouracil. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching about mucositis? A. I will frequently rinse out my mouth with normal saline. B. To relieve my mouth pain, I will use ice pops or ice chips. C. I will use mouthwash with alcohol to clean my mouth. D. Using a soft toothbrush will clean and freshen my breath. - CORRECT ANSWER-C. I will use mouthwash with alcohol to clean my mouth. A patient is scheduled to receive high-dose cyclophosphamide via an intravenous infusion as treatment for cancer. Which will be the most important for the nurse to include when teaching the patient about cyclophosphamide? A. An indwelling urinary catheter will be placed. B. Drink at least 2 L of fluid per day. C. Empty the bladder every 4 to 6 hours D. Limit fluid intake during chemotherapy - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Drink at least 2 L of fluid per day. A nurse is administering doxorubicin to a pt in the outpatient oncology clinic. WHich information would be most important for the nurse to include in patient teaching? A. Blood counts will most likely remain normal B. Complete alopecia rarely occurs with this drug C. Report any SOB, palpitations, or edema to the health care provider D. Tissue necrosis usually occurs 2 to 3 days after administration - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Report any SOB, palpitations, or edema to the health care provider A patient diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to receive vincristine. Which nursing assessment will have the highest priority when providing care for this patient? A. Degree of alopecia