MILADY CHAPTER 13: SKIN CARE PRODUCTS: CHEMISTRY, INGREDIENTS, AND SELECTION QUESTIONS-ANSWERS

1. What are botanicals made from? a. plants and herbs b. chemicals c. animal fats d. recycled plastic - correct answera. plants and herbs 2. What is NOT among the components of lipids? a. phospholipids b. ceramides c. botanicals d. sterols - correct answerc. botanicals 3. What is NOT something from which healing agents are made? a. recycled plastics b. licorice c. aloe d. chamomile - correct answera. recycled plastics 4. What is a possible advantage of synthetic ingredients over natural ingredients? a. fewer allergic reactions b. shorter shelf life c. less environmental impact d. decreased chemical content - correct answera. fewer allergic reactions 5. When is a manufacturer responsible for a client's allergic reaction to a product? a. when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon b. when the product is used as an ingredient in a salon mixture c. when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer's packaging d. when the client ignores warnings on the products label - correct answerc. when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer's packaging 6. When is the salon responsible for a client's allergic reaction to a product? a. when the client buys the product directly from the manufacturer b. when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon c. when the client ignores warnings on the products label d. when the product is taken directly from the manufacturer's packaging - correct answerb. when the product is purchased in bulk and repackaged by the salon 7. What is true of organic labeling standards for cosmetics in the United States? a. these labeling standards are numerous and strict b. these labeling standards are few and lenient c. there are no such standards in the United States d. standards from other countries are enforced in the united states - correct answerc. there are no such standards in the United States 8. What is NOT an area requiring approval from the Food and Drug administration (FDA)? a. cosmetics manufacturing b. cosmetics safety c. cosmetics labeling d. cosmetics claims - correct answera. cosmetics manufacturing 9. What term refers to skin-freshening lotions with a low alcohol content? a. moisturizers b. antibiotics c. fresheners d. conditioners - correct answerc. fresheners 10. What is NOT among the purposes of functional ingredients in cosmetic products? a. allowing the products to spread b. giving products body and texture c. making products affordable d. giving products specific form - correct answerc. making products affordable 11. What is NOT true of glycerin? a. it is formed by a decomposition of oils or fats b. it is a very weak water binder c. it is an excellent skin softener d. it is an excellent humectant - correct answerb. it is a very weak water binder 12. What term refers to an exfoliating cream that is rubbed off the skin? a. humectant b. emulsifier c. gommage d. paraben - correct answerc. gommage 13. What is grapeseed extract? a. powerful antioxidant with soothing properties b. powerful antioxidant with stimulating properties c. powerful exfoliant with soothing properties d. powerful exfoliant with stimulating properties - correct answera. powerful antioxidant with soothing properties 14. What are hydrators? a. machines used to apply water to the skin's surface b. machines used to extract water from the skin's surface c. ingredients that attract water to the skin's surface d. ingredients that repel water from the skin's surface - correct answerc. ingredients that attract water to the skin's surface 15. What are alpha hydroxy acids? a. products that exfoliate by loosening bonds between dead cells b. products that exfoliate by tightening bonds between living cells c. the active ingredients in most acne-treatment medications d. the active ingredients in most dandruff-control shampoos - correct answera. products that exfoliate by loosening bonds between dead cells 16. What type of product does NOT sometimes include alcohol? a. perfume b. lotion c. astringent d. paraffin mask - correct answerd. paraffin mask 17. What is NOT true of aloe vera? a. it is the most popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations b. it is the least popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations c. it is an emollient and film-forming gum resin d. it has hydrating and softening qualities, among others - correct answerb. it is the least popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations 18. Where in the body is alpha liponic acid found? a. every cell b. nerve cells c. blood cells d. striated muscle cells - correct answera. every cell 19. What is an ampoule? a. small, sealed vial b. needle used for injections c. popular botanical cream d. family of chemical products - correct answera. small, sealed vial 20. What is aromatherapy? a. practice of focusing massage on the nose and nostrils b. therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils c. therapeutic use of scented candles in the treatment room d. practice of focusing acupuncture on the nose and nostrils - correct answerb. therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils 21. What are astringents? a. cotton pads used to dab excess sebum from the surface of the skin b. cotton pads used to dab excess lymph from the surface of the skin c. oil-laden liquids used to increase the oiliness of the skin d. liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin - correct answerd. liquids that help remove excess oil on the skin 22. What is NOT true of benzoyl peroxide? a. it is commonly used for blemishes b. it is commonly used for acne c. it is a drying agent d. it is a type of alpha hydroxy acid - correct answerd. it is a type of alpha hydroxy acid 23. What is glycerin? a. astringent b. binder c. exfoliant d. antibiotic - correct answerb. binder 24. What are ingredients derived from plants called? a. chemicals b. pharmaceuticals c. pentacostals d. botanicals - correct answerd. botanicals 25. What are ceramides? a. astringents that have moisturizing and antibacterial properties b. family of lipid materials that are part of the intercellular matrix c. bacteria that cause itching in the surface of the skin d. clusters of dead skin cells that clog follicles and cause comedones - correct answerb. family of lipid materials that are part of the intercellular matrix 26. What plant extract has calming and soothing properties? a. blackcurrant b. chamomile c. genseng d. honeybush - correct answerb. chamomile 27. What is jojoba? a. oil extracted from the acorns that grow on oak trees b. oil extracted from the bean-like seeds of a desert shrub c. exfoliating agent made from the gritty sand of tropical beaches d. moisturizing agent made from pacific ocean seaweed - correct answerb. oil extracted from the bean-like seeds of a desert shrub 28. What is another term for exfoliation? a. sloughing b. binding c. excoriation d. emulsification - correct answera. sloughing 29. What are lakes? a. insoluble pigments b. botanical moisturizers c. botanical emulsifiers d. insoluble antioxidants - correct answera. insoluble pigments 30. What is an emollient with moisturizing properties and also an emulsifier with high water absorption capabilities? a. chamomile b. jojoba c. papaya d. lanolin - correct answerd. lanolin 31. What products coat the skin and reduce friction? a. lubricants b. antioxidants c. emulsifiers d. acids - correct answera. lubricants 32. What is NOT true of polymers? a. they are chemical compounds b. they are botanicals c. they are formed by small molecules d. they release substances at a microscopically controlled rate - correct answerb. they are botanicals 33. What is potassium hydroxide? a. strong alkali used in soaps and creams b. weak alkali used in soaps and creams c. strong acid used in soaps and creams d. weak acid used in soaps and creams - correct answera. strong alkali used in soaps and creams 34. What function do preservatives perform? a. give products the desired color, shape, and form b. give products the desired efficacy and strength c. activate products once they are applied to the skin d. inhibit the growth of microorganisms - correct answerd. inhibit the growth of microorganisms 35. What is the vitamin of which retinol is the natural form? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin D - correct answera. vitamin A 36. What is NOT a natural source of salicylic acid? a. jojoba b. sweet birch c. willow bark d. wintergreen - correct answera. jojoba 37. What does the term "comedogenicity" refer to? a. tendency of some ethnicities to have more comedones than others b. scientific study of the genetics of comedones c. tendency of any substance to trigger the rise of blackheads d. tendency of any substance to inhibit the rise of blackheads - correct answerc. tendency of any substance to trigger the rise of blackheads 38. What is NOT true of tissue respiratory factor (TRF)? a. it is an anti-inflammatory ingredient b. it is a natural antibiotic c. it is a moisturizing ingredient d. it is derived from yeast cells - correct answerb. it is a natural antibiotic 39. What vitamin has NOT been used in skin care products as an antioxidant? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B c. vitamin C d. vitamin E - correct answerb. vitamin B 40. What are liposomes? a. open-lipid bilayer spheres b. open-lipid unilayer spores c. closed-lipid bilayer spheres d. closed-lipid unilayer spores - correct answerc. closed-lipid bilayer spheres 41. What is mechanical exfoliation? a. physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin b. use of machines to push product deeper into the skin c. physical method of drawing pus from a whitehead d. use of machines to draw pus from a whitehead - correct answera. physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin 42. What is mineral oil? a. lubricant derived from petroleum b. antioxidant derived from petroleum c. lubricant derived from sebum d. antioxidant derived from sebum - correct answera. lubricant derived from petroleum 43. What are mucopolysaccharides? a. irritated mucous membranes b. healthy mucous membranes c. carbohydrate-lipid complexes d. carbohydrate-lymph complexes - correct answerc. carbohydrate-lipid complexes 44. What is the strongest of our five senses? a. taste b. touch c. smell d. sight - correct answerc. smell 45. What is papaya used for? a. exfoliation b. moisturizing c. hydration d. pigmentation - correct answera. exfoliation 46. What is NOT an industry that commonly uses parabens? a. cosmetic b. pharmaceutical c. food d. aeronautic - correct answerd. aeronautic 47. What are peptides? a. chains of red blood cells b. chains of white blood cells c. chains of fibroblasts d. chains of amino acids - correct answerd. chains of amino acids 48. What are performance ingredients?