Rosh Review- Hematology/Oncology Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Rosh Review- Hematology/Oncology Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the standard INR range for those on warfarin therapy? What is the standard INR range for those with valve replacement? Warfarin therapy: 2.0-3.0 Replaced valves: 2.5-3.5 What is tx for those with elevated INRs? <5 w/ no significant bleeding: Hold warfarin therapy until regulates, start at lower dose when back to therapeutic range <10 and asymptomatic: Oral Vitamin K should bring INR down w/in 24 hours >10 or severe risk for major bleed: Hold warfarin, give IV Vitamin K Life threatening bleed: Fresh Frozen Plasma What significant complication can result from heparin therapy? Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) What are factors that promote sickling in sickle cell disease? Cold, dehydration, hypoxia, infection, stress, menses, alcohol consumption. PAROVIRUS B19* can induce aplastic crisis! What is the most common presentation of sickle cell disease in infants? Dactylitis! Infants may be more symptomatic than adults with sickle cell due to their increased levels of HgF early on Which of the following types of hemoglobin does hydroxyurea increase? HgF! HbF inhibits HbS polymerization, its concentration within each cell and its distribution among all cells influence cell heterogeneity. Wh/ reduced incidence of painful occlusive crises and needs for transfusion What is the most common cause of death in adults with sickle cell disease? Acute Chest Syndrome! Fever, Chest pain, Chest Xray shows pulmonary infiltrate What is the most common complication of hereditary spherocytosis? Bilirubin gallstones. What presents with hx of phototherapy during neonatal period, presenting presently with icteric sclera, jaundice, splenomegaly, Elevated LDH, Elevated Indirect Bilirubin, and presence of spherocytes on peripheral smear, and negative Coombs test? Hereditary Spherocytosis Howell-Jolly bodies also seen on smear; Dense and hyper chromic autoimmune hemolytic anemia What results in hemolysis after exposure to drugs with oxidant properties that result in oxidative damage to hemoglobin in circulating red cells? Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency! What would a positive Coombs test indicate? Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia! That you have antibodies fighting against RBCs in your blood!