F- CH 39 Hygiene Objectives fully solved graded A+ 2023/2024

F- CH 39 Hygiene ObjectivesDescribe factors that influence personal hygiene practices. - correct answer Illness or physical injury, physically or emotionally challenged. Also a variety of personal, social, and cultural factors influence hygiene practices. Encourage the pt to do as much as they possibly can for themselves or while aided. Personal preferences, body image, socioeconomic status, health beliefs and motivation, Cultural variables, developmental stage. Discuss the role that critical thinking plays in providing hygiene. - correct answer 39-1 -knowledge: anatomy and physiology of the integumentary, oral cavity and sense organs. principals of safety and comfort, communication of caring, risk factors that pose hygiene problems, knowledge of cultural variations. -Experience: prior experience caring for pt's requiring hygiene assistance, personal hygiene practices. -Standards: apply ADA for foot care. Apply WOCN and NPUAP for prevention and management of pressure ulcers. assess any skin alterations using accurate and consistent measures. -Attitudes: display curiosity; be thorough in assessing pt's tissues; changes may indicate signs of disease. Display humility, hygiene should be pt centered. know when to learn more about the pt's preferences. Conduct a comprehensive assessment of a pt's total hygiene needs. - correct answer **purpose is to thoroughly assess each pt and critically analyze findings to ensure that you make pt centered decisions required for safe nursing care. Areas to check (see slides at the bottom of this set for specifics for each area): -Skin -feet and nails -oral cavity -hair and scalp -use of sensory aids -assessment of hygiene care practices -assessment of cultural influences Discuss conditions that place pt's at risk for impaired skin integrity. - correct answer Immobilization, reduced sensation, nutrition and hydration alterations, secretions and excretions on the skin, vascular insufficiency, external devices like restraints, bandages etc., altered cognition. -side effects of medications or medical therapies -lack of knowledge -immobilization or inability to perform hygiene -physical condition that potentially injures skin, mouth, feet, nails, or hair. -provide special attention to body areas like beneath breast, and in the groin or perineal area when a pt is diaphoretic. this can irritate skin. -this includes a review of pt medical and sx history, meds, and specific pt factors presenting Discuss factors that influence the condition of the nails and feet. - correct answer -callus- feet and hands, can cause discomfort. advise pt to seek help from podiatrist -corns, makes the underlying dermis thin and sensitive. will attach to bone if allowed to grow and can effect gait. surgically removed depending on size and severity. -plantar warts- fungating lesions on sole of foot, some are contagious, make walking painful and difficult. often tx is burning, freezing or salicylic acid. -athlete's foot (tinea pedis), fungal infection of foot, scaling and cracking sometimes blisters. spreads to other parts esp hands. contagious. dry well, ventilate, powder. sometimes HCP will prescribe -ingrown nails, nail grows inward into the soft tissue. often from improper trimming. cause localized pain when pressure applied, tx hot soaks in antiseptic and removal of part of the nail that has grown in. -foot odors, excess perspiration and microorganism growth, causes discomfort from sweating. use of deodorants and freq washing, powders, clean footwear Explain the importance of foot care for the patient with diabetes. - correct answer -Care From the ADA website: wash feet daily, check daily, be more active, keep skin soft and smooth, keep toenails trimmed, wear shoes and socks all the time, protect from hot and cold, keep the blood flowing- elevate the feet when sitting, -problems most often happen when there is neuropathy, this causes tingling, pain, burning or stinging. Loss of feeling can mean you don't feel injury. can become infected without knowledge of the injury. feet can become dry, don't put extra moisture between the toes or soak. calluses occur quicker. tell the HCP immediately. Ulcers can occur on the ball of the foot or bottom of big toe. poor circulation makes foot less able to fight infection. don't smoke.