AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 3 MODULE 9 COMPLETE EXAMS

AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 3 MODULE 9 phrenology ANSWER = the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities. hyperpolarization ANSWER = is a change in a cell's membrane potential that makes it more negative. It is the opposite of a depolarization. central nervous system ANSWER = brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system ANSWER = the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body Neuron ANSWER = a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system soma ANSWER = cell body of a neuron Axon ANSWER = the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands Dendrites ANSWER = Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information. myelin sheath ANSWER = A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next. axon terminals (terminal buttons) ANSWER = transmit signals to the dendrites Synapse ANSWER = the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron synaptic vesicles ANSWER = Membrane-bounded compartments in which synthesized neurotransmitters are kept. glial cells ANSWER = cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons Nodes of Ranvier ANSWER = Gaps in the myelin sheath to which voltage-gated sodium channels are confined. threshold ANSWER = the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse all-or-none response ANSWER = a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength response) or not firing.