Airmen Leadership School ALS - Test 1 Questions with Correct Solutions Rated A+

Culture - _______ is a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors and is shaped by many factors, including history, religion, politics, and resources (financial, informational, technological, material, energy, warfare, and human. Macro-cultures - The most powerful or the most widely practiced cultures in a particular society, whether the society is a region or an entire country. Micro-cultures - Also called "subcultures." They are described as a group of people living within a larger society who share values, beliefs, behaviors, status, or interests that are different from the macro-culture or the rest of society Holism - All the parts of a culture are interconnected and integrated. Therefore, things such as change in one area (women's rights, for example) will affect change in another area (family structure, distribution of income) Schema - A cognitive "shortcut" that helps us organize and interpret the vast amount of information that exists in our environment. Iceberg theory of culture - When we first enter a new culture, we see only those behaviors and symbols that are apparent or above the water. Things like a culture's style of dress, music, games, dance, food, toys, etc. are easily seen when entering a new culture. According to the iceberg theory. What is below the surface? - Some examples of behaviors, core beliefs, and values that are often "hidden" under the surface include: Ideals of governing, child raising, concept of justice, incentives to work, theory of disease, nature of friendship, patterns of group decision making, definitions of sin, courtship practices, and approaches to problem solving Worldview - The sum of beliefs and values that people use to define and interpret the world, and their place within it Cross-Cultural Competence (3C) - The "ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in a culturally complex environment to achieve the desired effect without necessarily having prior exposure to a particular group, region, or language. What two categories does the Air Force break Cross-Cultural Competence into? - General and Specific Culture Culture General - The ability to quickly and accurately comprehend, and then effectively act in a culturally complex environment to achieve the desired effect without necessarily having prior exposure to a particular group, region, or language. Culture Specific - An approach that emphasizes specific aspects of particular cultures, affording individuals much of the knowledge and/or skills necessary to interact more competently with individuals of other cultural backgrounds." What is the purpose of culture-general learning in the Air Force? - To develop Airmen who can operate effectively in culturally complex environments What are the three inter-related enabling factors involved with the 3C model? - Knowledge, motivation (positive attitude), and learning approaches. Culture-general knowledge - The basis for all cross-cultural learning, including culture-specific, and begins with an understanding of basic concepts of a culture (kinship, gender roles, types of exchanges or communication norms, etc.). Ethnocentrism - The human tendency to negatively judge others (cultures, behaviors, values) against our own values and beliefs Relativism (as an attitude) - The conviction that the beliefs and practices of others are best understood in light of the particular cultures where they are found.