TEST REVEIWS FOR ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING CH 12

TEST REVEIWS FOR ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING CH 12 Origin: Chapter 12, 1 The nurse is teaching a group of parents with premature infants about the various medical and developmental problems that may occur. The nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies what as a problem? A) Sudden infant death syndrome B) Hydrocephalus C) Peptic ulcer D) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: C Feedback: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, not peptic ulcer, is a medical problem that commonly affects premature infants. Myriad problems may occur, including sudden infant death syndrome, hydrocephalus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cardiac changes, growth retardation, nutrient deficiencies, bradycardia, rickets, inguinal or umbilical hernias, visual problems, hearing deficits, delayed dentition, and growth delays. Origin: Chapter 12, 2 The nurse is caring for a toddler with special needs. Which developmental tasks related to toddlerhood might be delayed in the child with special needs? A) Developing body image B) Developing peer relationships C) Developing language and motor skills D) Learning through sensorimotor exploration - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: C Feedback: In special needs children, developmental delays may occur in all stages. In particular, motor and language skill development may be delayed if the toddler is not given adequate opportunities to test his or her limits and abilities. Development of body image may be hindered in the preschooler due to painful exposures and anxiety. Development of peer relationships may be delayed in the school-age and adolescent child. The infant's ability to learn through sensorimotor exploration may be impaired due to lack of appropriate stimulation, confinement to a crib, or increased contact with painful experiences. Origin: Chapter 12, 3 The nurse is providing home care for a 1-year-old girl who is technologically dependent. Which intervention will best support the family process? A) Finding an integrated health program for the family B) Teaching modifications of the medical regimen for vacation C) Assessing family expectations for the special needs child D) Creating schedules for therapies and interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: D Feedback: Coordinating care with the schedules and capabilities of the parents provides the greatest support for the family. It gives them a sense of order and control. Integrated health care programs may not be available in the family's area. Teaching therapy modifications for travel and assessing family expectations are not supportive interventions. Origin: Chapter 12, 4 The nurse is caring for families with vulnerable child syndrome. Which situation would be most likely to predispose the family to this condition? A) Having a postterm infant B) Having an infant who is reluctant to feed properly C) Having a child diagnosed with impetigo at age 10 D) Having a child with juvenile diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: B Feedback: "Vulnerable child syndrome" is a clinical state in which the parents' reactions to a serious illness or event in the child's past continue to have long-term psychologically harmful effects on the child and parents for many years. Risk factors for the development of vulnerable child syndrome include preterm birth, congenital anomaly, newborn jaundice, handicapping condition, an accident or illness that the child was not expected to recover from, or crying or feeding problems in the first 5 years of life. Origin: Chapter 12, 5 A 7-year-old boy has reentered the hospital for the second time in a month. Which intervention is particularly important at this time? A) Assessing his parents' coping abilities B) Seeking his parents' input about their child's needs C) Educating his family about the procedure D) Notifying the care team about his hospitalization - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: A Feedback: Transition times, such as when the child reenters the hospital, create additional stress on the parents and child. Assessing the parents' coping abilities is particularly important at this time. Seeking parental input, educating about a procedure, and notifying the care team are basic activities of family-centered care and care coordination. Origin: Chapter 12, 6 The nurse is caring for a special needs infant. Which intervention will be most important in helping the child reach her maximum developmental potential? A) Directing her parents to an early intervention program B) Monitoring her progress in elementary school C) Serving on an individualized education program committee D) Preparing a plan for her to transition to college - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: A Feedback: Early intervention is critical to maximizing the child's developmental potential by laying the foundation for health and development. While important, intervention in elementary or secondary school does not have the impact of early intervention. When the time arrives, it is important to have a written plan for transition to college, if this is a possibility for the grown child. Origin: Chapter 12, 7 The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old girl with special care needs in the hospital. Which intervention would have the most positive effect on this child? A) Taking her on an adventure down the hall B) Helping her do a simple craft project C) Introducing her to children in the playroom D) Limiting the staff providing care for her - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: A Feedback: Preschool-age children need to develop a sense of initiative, and helping the child to explore her area of the hospital would help accomplish this developmental need. Craft projects and introducing the child to other children would help build a sense of industry and peer relationships, both of which are needs of the school-age, not preschool, child. Limiting the number of people providing care is a trust-building intervention, beginning in infancy. Origin: Chapter 12, 8 The nurse is caring for infants having the condition failure to thrive (FTT). Which infants would be at risk for this condition? Select all that apply. A) A newborn baby with tetralogy of Fallot B) An infant with a cleft palate C) An infant born to a diabetic mother D) An infant born to an impoverished mother E) An infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia F) An infant born to a teenage mother - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: A, B, D, E Feedback: Infants and children with cardiac or metabolic disease, chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia), cleft palate, or gastroesophageal reflux disease are at particular risk for FTT. Also, poverty is the single greatest contributing risk factor (Block et al., 2005). An infant born to a diabetic mother or an infant born to a teenage mother does not have increased risk for FTT. Origin: Chapter 12, 9 The nurse is weighing an underweight infant diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT) and notes that the baby does not make eye contact and is less active than the other infants. What would be a probable cause for the FTT related to the infant's body language? A) Congenital heart defect B) Cleft palate C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease D) Maternal abuse - CORRECT ANSWER-Ans: D Feedback: Infants with FTT related to maternal neglect may avoid eye contact and be less interactive than other infants. Inorganic causes of FTT include neglect, abuse,