11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
130 Immunology questions and answers
From Medical Microbiology & Immunology
Examination & Board Review, 6th ed., 2000
W. Levinson & E. Jawetz
Directions (Questions 387-474): Select the ONE lettered answer that is BEST in each
question.
387. Which category of hypersensitivity BEST describes hemolytic disease of the newborn
caused by Rh incompatibility?
A. atopic or anaphylactic
B. cytotoxic
C. immune complex
D. delayed
388. The principal difference between cytotoxic (type II) and immune complex (type III)
hypersensitivity is
A. the class (isotype) of antibody.
B. the site where antigen-antibody complexes are formed.
C. the participation of complement.
D. the participation of T cells.
389. A child stung by a bee experiences respiratory distress within minutes and lapses into
unconsciousness. This reaction is probably mediated by
A. IgE antibody.
about:blank 1/42
,11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
B. IgG antibody.
C. sensitized T cells.
D. complement.
E. IgM antibody.
390. A patient with rheumatic fever develops a sore throat from which beta-hemolytic
streptococci are cultured. The patient is started on treatment with penicillin, and the sore
throat resolves within several days. However, 7 days after initiation of penicillin therapy the
patient develops a fever of 103°F, a generalized rash, and proteinuria. This MOST probably
resulted from
A. recurrence of the rheumatic fever.
B. a different infectious disease.
C. an IgE response to penicillin.
D. an IgG-IgM response to penicillin.
E. a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin.
391. A kidney biopsy specimen taken from a patient with acute glomerulonephritis and
stained with fluorescein-conjugated anti-human IgG antibody would probably show
A. no fluorescence.
B. uniform fluorescence of the glomerular basement membrane.
C. patchy, irregular fluorescence of the glomerular basement membrane.
D. fluorescent B cells.
E. fluorescent macrophages.
392. A patient with severe asthma gets no relief from antihistamines. The symptoms are
MOST likely to be caused by
A. interleukin-2.
about:blank 2/42
,11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
B. slow-reacting substance A (leukotrienes).
C. serotonin.
D. bradykinin.
393. Hypersensitivity to penicillin and hypersensitivity to poison oak are both
A. mediated by IgE antibody.
B. mediated by IgG and IgM antibody.
C. initiated by haptens.
D. initiated by Th-2 cells.
394. A recipient of a 2-haplotype MHC-matched kidney from a relative still needs
immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection because
A. graft-versus-host disease is a problem.
B. minor histocompatibility antigens will not be matched.
C. minor histocompatibility antigens will not be matched.
D. complement components will not be matched.
395. Bone marrow transplantation in immunocompromised patients presents which major
problem?
A. potentially lethal graft-versus-host disease
B. high risk of T cell leukemia
C. inability to use a live donor
D. delayed hypersensitivity
about:blank 3/42
, 11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
396. What is the role of class II MHC proteins on donor cells in graft rejection?
A. They are the receptors for interleukin-2, which is produced by macrophages when they
attack the donor cells.
B. They are recognized by helper T cells, which then activate cytotoxic T cells to kill the
donor cells.
C. They induce the production of blocking antibodies that protect the graft.
D. They induce IgE which mediates graft rejection.
397. Grafts between genetically identical individuals (i.e., identical twins)
A. are rejected slowly as a result of minor histocompatibility antigens.
B. are subject to hyperacute rejection.
C. are not rejected, even without immunosuppression.
D. are not rejected if a kidney is grafted, but skin grafts are rejected.
398. Penicillin is a hapten in both humans and mice. To explore the hapten-carrier
relationship, a mouse was injected with penicillin covalently bound to bovine serum albumin
and, at the same time, with egg albumin to which no penicillin was bound. Of the following,
which one will induce a secondary response to penicillin when injected into the mouse 1
month later?
A. penicillin
B. penicillin bound to egg albumin
C. egg albumin
D. bovine serum albumin
399. AIDS is caused by a human retrovirus that kills
A. B lymphocytes.
about:blank 4/42
130 Immunology questions and answers
From Medical Microbiology & Immunology
Examination & Board Review, 6th ed., 2000
W. Levinson & E. Jawetz
Directions (Questions 387-474): Select the ONE lettered answer that is BEST in each
question.
387. Which category of hypersensitivity BEST describes hemolytic disease of the newborn
caused by Rh incompatibility?
A. atopic or anaphylactic
B. cytotoxic
C. immune complex
D. delayed
388. The principal difference between cytotoxic (type II) and immune complex (type III)
hypersensitivity is
A. the class (isotype) of antibody.
B. the site where antigen-antibody complexes are formed.
C. the participation of complement.
D. the participation of T cells.
389. A child stung by a bee experiences respiratory distress within minutes and lapses into
unconsciousness. This reaction is probably mediated by
A. IgE antibody.
about:blank 1/42
,11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
B. IgG antibody.
C. sensitized T cells.
D. complement.
E. IgM antibody.
390. A patient with rheumatic fever develops a sore throat from which beta-hemolytic
streptococci are cultured. The patient is started on treatment with penicillin, and the sore
throat resolves within several days. However, 7 days after initiation of penicillin therapy the
patient develops a fever of 103°F, a generalized rash, and proteinuria. This MOST probably
resulted from
A. recurrence of the rheumatic fever.
B. a different infectious disease.
C. an IgE response to penicillin.
D. an IgG-IgM response to penicillin.
E. a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin.
391. A kidney biopsy specimen taken from a patient with acute glomerulonephritis and
stained with fluorescein-conjugated anti-human IgG antibody would probably show
A. no fluorescence.
B. uniform fluorescence of the glomerular basement membrane.
C. patchy, irregular fluorescence of the glomerular basement membrane.
D. fluorescent B cells.
E. fluorescent macrophages.
392. A patient with severe asthma gets no relief from antihistamines. The symptoms are
MOST likely to be caused by
A. interleukin-2.
about:blank 2/42
,11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
B. slow-reacting substance A (leukotrienes).
C. serotonin.
D. bradykinin.
393. Hypersensitivity to penicillin and hypersensitivity to poison oak are both
A. mediated by IgE antibody.
B. mediated by IgG and IgM antibody.
C. initiated by haptens.
D. initiated by Th-2 cells.
394. A recipient of a 2-haplotype MHC-matched kidney from a relative still needs
immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection because
A. graft-versus-host disease is a problem.
B. minor histocompatibility antigens will not be matched.
C. minor histocompatibility antigens will not be matched.
D. complement components will not be matched.
395. Bone marrow transplantation in immunocompromised patients presents which major
problem?
A. potentially lethal graft-versus-host disease
B. high risk of T cell leukemia
C. inability to use a live donor
D. delayed hypersensitivity
about:blank 3/42
, 11/19/23, 1:38 PM 130 immunology questions and answers
396. What is the role of class II MHC proteins on donor cells in graft rejection?
A. They are the receptors for interleukin-2, which is produced by macrophages when they
attack the donor cells.
B. They are recognized by helper T cells, which then activate cytotoxic T cells to kill the
donor cells.
C. They induce the production of blocking antibodies that protect the graft.
D. They induce IgE which mediates graft rejection.
397. Grafts between genetically identical individuals (i.e., identical twins)
A. are rejected slowly as a result of minor histocompatibility antigens.
B. are subject to hyperacute rejection.
C. are not rejected, even without immunosuppression.
D. are not rejected if a kidney is grafted, but skin grafts are rejected.
398. Penicillin is a hapten in both humans and mice. To explore the hapten-carrier
relationship, a mouse was injected with penicillin covalently bound to bovine serum albumin
and, at the same time, with egg albumin to which no penicillin was bound. Of the following,
which one will induce a secondary response to penicillin when injected into the mouse 1
month later?
A. penicillin
B. penicillin bound to egg albumin
C. egg albumin
D. bovine serum albumin
399. AIDS is caused by a human retrovirus that kills
A. B lymphocytes.
about:blank 4/42
