AP Computer Science Principles- Internet Questions & Answers

AP Computer Science Principles- Internet Questions & Answers What is a bit? - ANS-a single unit of data that can only have one of two values (such as a 1 or 0) What is a byte? - ANS-Eight bits (e.g.) What is bandwidth? - ANS-the transmission capacity of a system (measured by the amount of data (measured in bits) that can be sent in a specific amount of time) What is latency? - ANS-time between the transmission and the receipt of a message How can number storage limitation cause overflow errors? - ANS-Certain programs limit how many numbers they can store (e.g. if limit is 4 bits, then storage goes up to 1010). After a number that is long enough goes over the limit, it causes overflow, which returns an overflow error (e.g. infinity or NaN) What are floating point numbers? - ANS-a binary version of scientific notation. It's called floating point because the decimal point "floats" to just after the first digit. (e.g. 2.1273647e+32) How can floating points lead to round-off errors? - ANS-Floating points round off the last digits of a infinite/large number, which can cause a rounding that might be incorrect when manipulated (e.g. 1/3=0.3333, but when multiplied by 3, it states 0.99999 and not 1) What does an ethernet cable use? What are its features? - ANS-It uses electricity to send bits. Best for close distances, but cheap and has potential signal loss What does an fiber optic cable use? What are its features? - ANS-It uses light to send bits. Best for far distances, fast, and lower potential signal loss, but expensive and hard to work with CONTINUES...