Gizmos: Fingerprinting Latest 2023 Graded A+

Gizmos: Fingerprinting Latest 2023 Graded A+ Accidental whorl a type of fingerprint that includes two or more different patterns (other than a plain arch). o Accidental whorls include prints that do not fall into other print subgroups. They may include one or more characteristics from other patterns Arch a fingerprint pattern in which ridges enter one side of the print, curve upward and then downward, and then exit on the opposite side. Central pocket loop whorl a type of pattern in which the ridges form a circular whorl inside a loop. Double loop whorl a type of whorl pattern containing two separate loops. o Also referred to as twinned loops. Fingerprint a distinct pattern of raised ridges found on the tip of a finger, or the impression made on a surface by these ridges. o No two people, not even identical twins, have the exact same fingerprints. Fingerprints remain the same throughout a person's life. o Each person has ten unique fingerprints—one for each finger and thumb. o Other animals—such as chimpanzees, gorillas and koalas—have fingerprints. Fingerprint powder a fine powder designed to stick to the skin oils that make up latent fingerprints Latent print an invisible print formed by the transfer of skin oils to another surface. o Latent prints tend to form on smooth, hard surfaces such as a glass or countertop. Loop a fingerprint pattern containing ridges that enter from one side of the print and then curve around to exit on the same side of the print. Minutiae small details in the ridge pattern that can help in matching two prints. o Some examples of minutiae include islands, bridges, lakes, and bifurcations. Patent print a visible print made when a finger comes into contact with a visible substance such as blood, ink, or paint. The substance on the ridges of the finger is then transferred to another surface, leaving a stamp of the print. Plain arch a type of arch containing ridges that curve gradually and do not form sharp peaks or angles. Plain whorl a pattern in which the ridges form concentric circles. Plastic print a visible, three-dimensional impression formed when a finger touches a soft material such as soap, clay, wet paint, or butter. Radial loop a type of loop fingerprint in which the ridges enter and exit from the direction of the thumb. o The ridges in a radial loop come from the direction of the radius, a bone on the thumb side of the forearm. Tented arch a type of arch containing ridges that curve up sharply to form a distinct peak, like a tent. Ulnar loop a type of loop fingerprint in which the ridges enter and exit from the direction of the little finger. o The ridges in an ulnar loop come from the direction of the ulna, a bone on the little finger side of the forearm. Whorl a fingerprint pattern that contains either a series of concentric circles or a combination of other patterns