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Samenvatting CNA kennistoets 2B

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Alle informatie uit de bijbehorende colleges en vaardigheidslessen die je nodig hebt voor de toets! (Biomedisch en CNA)

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Uploaded on
January 1, 2018
Number of pages
21
Written in
2017/2018
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Summary

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CNA Kennistoets 2B


Inhoud
Biomedisch.............................................................................................................................................2
College 1.............................................................................................................................................2
CNA.........................................................................................................................................................6
College 1.............................................................................................................................................6
College 2.............................................................................................................................................6
College 3.............................................................................................................................................9
BFO...................................................................................................................................................13
Vaardigheidslessen...........................................................................................................................16

,Biomedisch
College 1.
Neurofysiologie van herstelmechanismen in het CZS
Prikkeloverdracht
Neuron = zenuwcel.
› Sensorische neuronen ( perifeer )
› Motorische neuronen ( perifeer )
› Schakel neuronen ( centraal )

Taken ; - Ontvangst (dendriet)
- Geleiding (axon)
- Overdracht (eindknoppen , axoneinde)




Ontvangst
Hiervoor gebruik je de dendrieten. Deze lijken samen een beetje op een boom. Je kan naar aanleiding
van de cel zien waar ergens de zenuwcel ligt.




Hersenstam Ruggenmerg Cerebellum

, Overdracht
De overdracht vindt plaats in de synapsen. Hier springen ze over. De presynaptisch neuron wil de
prikkel doorgeven, hij komt vervolgens aan in het postsynaptisch neuron.
Hiervoor zijn nodig ; - Elektrische prikkel (actiepotentiaal)
- Neurotransmitter (geven door)
- Depolarisatie (cel wordt negatief)




Plasticiteit
Ook de mogelijkheid tot veranderen.
Neuronale plasticiteit. – Celniveau
• Neuronen
• Axonen
• Synapsen
Hersenen plasticiteit – Orgaanniveau
• Circuits
• Velden
Gedrag plasticiteit – individuniveau

Ontwikkeling
Hersenen baby ; 350 gram
Hersenen volwassene ; 1300 gram.
Het aantal neuronen neemt niet toe! Deze nemen enkel af in de loop van je leven. (alcohol, sporten)

Wat neemt er dan wel toe?
Verbindingen ; synapsen.
- Dendrieten
- Axonen
In de cortex heb je bij de geboorte 2500 synapsen per neuron.
bij 2-3 jaar heb je al 15000 synapsen per neuron in de cortex.
Volwassene hebben 7500 synapsen per neuron in de cortex. Deze nemen dus weer terug af.

Wat gebeurt er fysiologisch?
› Sprouting
groeien, je legt veel verbindingen aan.
kan direct of indirect
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