AFOQT Questions and Answers Already Graded A

AFOQT Questions and Answers Already Graded A What are the 3 different types of Fuselages? -Truss -Monocoque -Semi-monocoque Explain a Truss Fuselage Typically made of steel tubing welded together, which enables the structure to handle tension and compression loads Explain a Monocoque Fuselage Single shell fuselage which uses a stronger skin to handle the tension and compression load Explain a Semi-monocoque Fuselage Combination of the truss and monocoque fuselage, and is most commonly used What part of the tail is referred to as the "empennage"? Tail Assembly Tail assembly - Commonly referred to as the "empennage" - Includes a tail cone, fixed stabilizer (horizontal & vertical) and moveable surfaces to assist in directional control What are the moveable surfaces of the empennage? (Axis's) - Rudder which is on vertical stabilizer - Elevators are attached to the horizontal Stabilizers What is the Trim System? Used to counteract hydro mechanical and aerodynamic forces acting on the aircraft Describe Slats - Slats are located on the middle to outboard portion of the leading edge of the wing. Used to create additional lift and slower flight by extending the shape of the wing. - Flaps and slats are hidden inside the wing and extended during take off Describe Spoiler Located in the upper or trailing edge of the wing and are used to decrease lift. They allow the nose of the aircraft to be pitched down without increasing the airspeed allowing for safe landing Describe Flaps - These are the hinged portion of the wing trailing edge between ailerons and the fuselage. Sometimes may be located on the leading edge of wing. - If USED during take off, flaps reduce the amount of runway and time needed to take off. - During LANDINGS flaps increase the drag on the wings slowing the plane down and to go slower during landing, reducing the amount of runway needed. - BASICALLY, flaps allow aircraft to make more lift at slower speeds List the Secondary Flight Controls - Flaps - Slats - Spoilers - Speed Brake - Trim system Describe the Rudder Mounted on the trailing edge of the vertical fin and is used for controlling rotation (YAW) around the vertical axis Describe Ailerons Mounted on the trailing edges of the wings and are used for controlling aircraft roll about the longitudinal axis - located on the outer, trailing edges of the wings, Describe Elevators Mounted on the trailing edges of horizontal stabilizers and are used for controlling aircraft pitch about the lateral axis List the primary Flight controls - Elevators - Ailerons - Rudders 4 Altitudes of flying - Pitch - Bank - Power Control - Trim Control Pitch Control the angle formed by the lateral axis of the aircraft Deduce Elucidate Repulse Verb (used with object) - to drive back; repel - To repel with denial; discourtesy; or the like; refuse or reject Noun - The act of repelling - The fact of being repelled, as in hostile encounters - A refusal or injection Optimum Noun (plural) - The Best of most favorable point, degree, amount, etc, as of temperature, light, and moisture for the growth or reproduction of an organism - The greatest degree or best result obtained or obtainable under specific conditions Enamor Verb (used with object) - to fill or inflame with love - to charm or captivate Ex: To be enamored of a certain lady: A brilliant woman with whom he be enamored Fervent - Having or showing great warmth or intensity of spirit, feeling, enthusiasm, etc. - Hot, burning; glowing Purloin - To take dishonesty;steal; filch; pilfer - To commit theft; steal Corroborate Verb - Confirm or give support to Substantiate provide evidence to support of Patronize Verb - Treat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority - Frequent, as a customer Brevity Noun - Concise and exact use of words in writing or speech - Shortness of time Sedentary (Adj) Tending to spend much time seated; somewhat inactive mendacious Adj Not telling the truth; lying Retort verb - Say something in answer to a remark or accusation, typically in sharp, angry, or wittily incisive manner Incite Verb -Encourage or stir up (violent or awful behavior) -Urge or persuade (someone) to act in a violent or unlawful way Erudite Adj Having or showing great knowledge of learning Moniker A name Serendipitous Adj - Occurring or discovered by chance in a happy or beneficial way Abate Verb - of something perceived as hostile, threatening or negative) become less intense or wide spread - cause to become smaller or less intense - lessen, reduce, or remove (especially a nuisance) Loquacious Tending to talk a great deal, talkative Monotonous Dull, tedious, and repetitious, lacking in variety and interest Damp Slightly Wet Arid (of land or climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation -lacking in interest; excitement; or meaning Pinnacle The highest of culminating point as of success, power, fame, etc Cascade Anything that resembles a waterfall Burgle To burglarize, to steal Meander To walk aimlessly Define Leading Edge the front part of the wing that separates air, forcing it to go above or below the wing Define Trailing Edge Part of the wing and where the air comes back together Vlo This is aircrafts maximum landing gear-operating speed. Airspeeds above Vlo can damage the landing gear operating mechanism Vle This is the aircrafts maximum landing gear speed. Since landing gear is more stable when all the way down then when being moved, Vle will be higher than Vlo What are the configurations for landing gear? Tricycle gear and conventional gear Describe conventional landing gear Think of the old planes when then plane is tilted so there's room for the propeller to spin Cowling Covering of an airplanes engine which is streamlined to maximize aerodynamics Maximum speed Based on air resistance getting lower at higher altitudes, to a point where increased altitude no longer increases maximum speed due to lack of oxygen to "feed" the egine Climb gradient Ratio of the increase in altitude to the horizontal air distance Glide ratio Ratio of horizontal distance traveled per rate of fall Gravity It's the downward force that pulls everything toward the surface of the earth at a rate of 9.8 m/s^2. THE AIRCRAFT NEED TO PROVIDE ENOUGH LIFT FORCE TO OVERCOME GRAVITY TO FLY Lift Force created by the motion of the aircraft through the air. The Air traveling faster over the top of a wing creates lower pressure. The lower pressure above the wing causes it to lift induced Drag Created through the generation of lift and is caused by wingtip vortices (rotating air coming off wings) Parasitic drag Created by the shape of the aircraft Ground effect The reduced drag and increased lift that is experienced by an aircraft flying in close proximity to the ground. A helicopter is considered to be in ground effect when it is within one rotor diameter of the ground. Turns -Shallow: turns less than 20 degrees. So shallow the aircrafts lateral stability acts to level the wings -medium: rang from 20-45 degrees and aircraft holds constant bank -steep: more than 45 degrees and the aircraft will have a tendency to overbank without the addition of aileron control. Centrifugal and centripetal force Centrifugal Force is the force that causes rotating bodies to move away from the center of rotation. Centripetal force is the force that counteracts centrifugal force since it keeps an object a certain distance from the center of rotation. Gyroscopic precession When the applied force to a rotating object is shown 90 degrees later than where the force was applied Dissymmetry of lift The difference in lift between the advancing and retreating blades of the rotor system. The rotor system compensates for dissymmetry of lift with blade flapping Effective translational lift The improved efficiency that results from directional flight Transverse flow effect Difference in airflow between the forward and aft portions of the rotor disk. During forward flight, there is more downwash in the rear portion of the rotor disk. Coriolanus effect When an object moving in a rotating system experiences and inertial force (corilois) acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and the axis of rotation