NBME Sample Questions and Answers (2023/2024)

NBME Sample Questions and Answers (2023/2024) RSV is an RNA virus that enters the cell via a fusion protein - Answer (which is the target of the prophylactic monoclonal antibody drug Palivizumab) Gram-positive rods in a diabetic foot wound (or a World War I soldier fighting in a trench) means - Answer means Clostridium perfringens (the causative organism of gas gangrene). Crepitus means gas in the tissues, which is produced as a byproduct of its highly virulent alpha toxin Crepitus - Answer means gas in the tissues, which is produced as a byproduct of its highly virulent alpha toxin Clostridium perfringens - Answer (the causative organism of gas gangrene). The causative organism of a a necrotizing wound with a purplish. black discoloration - Answer most likely produces an alpha toxin virulence factor With Von Willebrand's - Answer the only laboratory abnormality is increased bleeding time (literally you prick the patient and see how long it takes them to stop bleeding). von Willebrand diseaseFrequently, On Step, bleeding women have VWD. Bleeding boys have hemophilia. - Answer is by far the most common inherited bleeding diathesis. On the USMLE Step exam - Answer bleeding women have VWD. Bleeding boys have hemophilia. Autism -like behaviour - Answer resist making eye contact and flapping hands Fragile X Syndrome - Answer Autism-like behaviors (resist making eye contact and flapping hands) and large testicles after puberty Fragile X Syndrome caused by - Answer trinucleotide repeat expansion RSV is an RNA virus that enters the cell - Answer via a fusion protein (which is the target of the prophylactic monoclonal antibody drug Palivizumab).* RSV is an RNA virus - Answer causes RSV Bronchialitis RSV is an RNA virus - Answer has a property of mediation of cell entry via fusion protein β2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle - Answer cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation of uterine muscle, and release of insulin β2 adrenergic agonists - Answer are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders, such as COPD bilateral wheezing as a result of a bee sting The purpose of Rhogam - Answer is to bind to and remove the RhD antigens so that the mother does not form an immune response against the antigen in fetus' blood. Rhogham administration - Answer It's given to at-risk Rh- moms at 28 weeks and at deliver Mom is group O and baby is RH Negative give - Answer give Rhogham Metformin causes - Answer 1. Hepatic glucose out put to be decreased 2. target tissue glucose uptake and utilization to be increased Metformin(Glucophage) - Answer decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.* colicky right flank pain that radiates to the groin and hematuria. Ultrasound examination of the kidneys shows right-sided hydronephrosis and a dilated ureter. Which of the following is most likely to be found on urinalysis? - Answer Uric acid crystals Neisseria gonorrhoeae gram stain of the exudate - Answer shows numerous neutrophils, many that contain intracellular gramnegative diplococci. Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Answer is able to switch out different pilin genes, and for this reason, prior infection does not confer long-lasting immunity. Gonorrhea - Answer Gonorrhea can change its pilus, which is responsible for adhesion to host cells and the main antigen to which the host mounts an immune response. Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Answer has the property of antigenic variation which causes reinfection Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Answer ia and a yellow urethral exudate. 2.Gram stain of the exudate shows numerous neutrophils, many that contain intracellular gram-negative diplococci. 3. had three similar episodes of urethritis over the past 2 years. anorexic - Answer She appears emaciated. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 40 kg (88 lb); BMI is 15 kg/ Anorexia leads to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism - Answer as the body realizes that the possibility of nourishing a fetus is zero and gives up the pretense A 17-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because she has not had a menstrual period for 6 months. The patient is unconcerned about the lack of menses. Menarche occurred at the age of 12 years, and menses had occurred at regular 28-day intervals until they became irregular 1 year ago. She is a member of her high school gymnastics team. She appears emaciated. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 40 kg (88 lb); BMI is 15 kg/m2. Her pulse is 54/min, and blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's amenorrhea? - Answer Answer: hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism There's a lot of supporting data, but one should guess this answer once you read the word "gymnast" (or "dancer"). Atorvastatin - Answer used to treat high cholesterol A person with high LDL-Cholesterol cholesterol and htn can be treated with - Answer a statin (atorvastatin) and losartan Treating a person with atorvastatin and losartan, they will have - Answer high HDL and triglycerides atorvastatin and losartan increase HDL - Answer due to reduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, with a secondary decrease in cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, and less transfer of HDL cholesterol to triglyceride-rich lipoprotein acceptor particles. Androgens stimulate sebaceous glands - Answer and cause acne. In girls, this is primarily due to adrenarche (DHEA/DHEAS androgen production made by the adrenal gland the zona reticularis). granulomatous disease - Answer which is a deficiency in NADPH oxidase which is the initial step in the respiratory burst present in the phagolysosome