Geology 101 Exam 1 questions with correct answers

Define uniformitarianism CORRECT ANSWER the theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from the action of continuous and uniform processes. What is the difference between Hypothesis and Theory? CORRECT ANSWER A hypothesis is either a suggested explanation for an observable phenomenon, or a reasoned prediction of a possible causal correlation among multiple phenomena. In science, a theory is a tested, well-substantiated, unifying explanation for a set of verified, proven factors. Name the four spheres of the Earth CORRECT ANSWER "lithosphere" (land), "hydrosphere" (water), "biosphere" (living things), and "atmosphere" (air). Name two energy sources for the Earth. CORRECT ANSWER 1. Internal energy: the decay of radioactive isotopes and the gravitational energy from Earth's original formation. 2.External (solar energy): permits life, controls climate, weathering, and erosion Name the theory that describes the origin of the universe. CORRECT ANSWER The big bang theory The layers of the Earth CORRECT ANSWER inner core, outer core, mantle and crust.