BIO 148 ASSIGNMENTS FOR UNIT 5&6 (WITH CORRECT ANSWERS) DUE 15TH OCTOBER 2023.

BIO 148 ASSIGNMENTS FOR UNIT 5&6 (WITH CORRECT ANSWERS) DUE 15TH OCTOBER 2023. Which of these is exhibiting kinetic energy? a) the high-energy phosphate bonds of a molecule of ATP b) a rock on a mountain ledge an archer with a flexed bow c) a person sitting on a couch while watching TV d) a space station orbiting Earth - CORRECT ANSWER-d) A space station orbiting Earth "Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____. a) the net amount of disorder is always increasing b) the entropy of the universe is always increasing c) no chemical reaction is 100 percent efficient d) energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another e) if you conserve energy you will not be as tired - CORRECT ANSWER-energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be converted from one form to another Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. a) kinetic b) potential c) entropic d) motion e) heat - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Potential Energy In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP? a) digestion b) anabolism c) potentiation d) redox e) cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER-e) Cellular respiration Which of these are by-products of cellular respiration? a) ATP and carbon dioxide b) heat, carbon dioxide, and water c) ATP, carbon dioxide, and water d) glucose, carbon dioxide, and water e) carbon dioxide and water - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Heat, Carbon dioxide, and water In this reaction _____. HW #13 Question #2 Part A (Reactants were higher than Products on the graph) a) entropy has decreased b) AC is a reactant c) the products have been rearranged to form reactants d) CD is a product e) the products have less potential energy than the reactants - CORRECT ANSWER-e) The products have less potential energy than the reactants In this reaction _____. Question #9 HW 13 (Reactants were higher than products on the graph) a) the kinetic energy of the reactants is less than that of the products b) disorder has decreased c) the chemical energy of the products is greater than that of the reactants d) heat has been released to the environment e) entropy has decreased - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Heat has been released to the environment The following reaction A --> B + C + heat is a(n) _____ reaction. a) dehydration synthesis b) exergonic c) exchange d) anabolic e) endergonic - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Exergonic Reaction A(n) _____ reaction occurs spontaneously. a) exergonic b) endergonic c) anabolic d) kinetic e) chemical - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Exergonic Reaction Which of these reactions requires a net input of energy from its surroundings? a) exergonic b) ATP --> ADP + P c) endergonic d) hydrolysis e) catabolic - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Endergonic In cells, what is usually the immediate source of energy for an endergonic reaction? a) as spontaneous reactions, endergonic reactions do not need an addition of energy b) ADP c) glucose d) sugar e) ATP - CORRECT ANSWER-e) ATP The reaction ADP + P --> ATP is a(n) _____ reaction. a) endergonic b) exergonic c) chemical d) spontaneous e) hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Endergonic Reaction The energy for an endergonic reaction comes from a(n) _____ reaction. a) anabolic b) exergonic c) ADP + P --> ATP d) synthesis e) glucose + glucose --> maltose - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Exergonic Reaction What is the fate of the phosphate group that is removed when ATP is converted to ADP? a) It is acquired by a reactant in an exergonic reaction. b) It is acquired by a reactant in an endergonic reaction. c) It is broken down into one phosphorus and four oxygen atoms. d) It is used to convert an ATP into an AQP. e) It is acquired by a reactant in a spontaneous reaction. - CORRECT ANSWER-b) It is acquired by a reactant in an endergonic reaction. This graph illustrates a(n) _____ reaction. Question #2 HW 13 Part J (Was not Labelled) a) endergonic b) spontaneous c) hydrolysis d) catabolic e) exergonic - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Endergonic Reaction Select the INCORRECT association. a) potential energy ... positional energy b) kinetic energy ... motion c) exergonic ... spontaneous d) exergonic ... uphill e) enzyme ... protein - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Exergonic ... Uphill What is energy coupling? a) a description of the energetic relationship between the reactants and products in an exergonic reaction b) the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction c) the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + P d) a barrier to the initiation of a reaction e) the use of an enzyme to reduce EA - CORRECT ANSWER-b) The use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction. Which is ATP? Figure 1, Question 3, HW 13 - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Three phosphate, One Ribose and One Adenine. What type of reaction breaks the bonds that join the phosphate groups in an ATP molecule? a) dehydration synthesis b) hydrolysis c) dehydration decomposition d) entropic e) anabolism - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Hydrolysis Which term describes the degree to which an element attracts electrons? a) Reduction. b) Oxidation. c) Polarity. d) Electronegativity. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Electronegativity Which terms describe two atoms when they form a bond in which electrons are completely transferred from one atom to the other? a) Ionic and covalent. b) Proton and electron. c) Anion and cation. d) Polar and non polar. - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Anion and Cation Which of the following statements is true of the bonds in a water molecule? a) Oxygen holds electrons more tightly than hydrogen does, and the net charge is zero. b) There is equal sharing of the electrons between the oxygen atom and the two hydrogen atoms, and the net charge is zero. c) The electron in each hydrogen atom is completely transferred to the oxygen atom, and each hydrogen atom has a net charge of +1. d) Oxygen acts as the electron acceptor and is oxidized. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) Oxygen holds electrons more tightly than hydrogen does, and the net charge is zero What kind of bond is formed when lithium and fluorine combine to form lithium fluoride? a) Redox. b) Polar covalent. c) Non polar covalent. d) Ionic. - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Ionic Gaseous hydrogen burns in the presence of oxygen to form water: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2 O + energy Which molecule is oxidized and what kind of bond is formed? a) Oxygen, polar. b) Hydrogen, non polar. c) Hydrogen, polar. d) Oxygen, nonpolar - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Hydrogen, polar This animation below shows a metabolic pathway with three kinds of enzymes. Which enzyme comes second in the pathway? (Figure on Question 5, HW 13) a) The enzyme at the lower right. b) The enzyme at the lower left. c) The enzyme at the upper middle. d) There is not enough information to answer this question. e) It depends on which enzyme starts to work first. - CORRECT ANSWER-a) The enzyme at the lower right Which answer correctly associates a process in cellular respiration with (1) what goes in and (2) what comes out? a) Citric acid cycle: (1) Acetyl CoA, CO2; (2) NADH, ATP (or GTP), and FADH2 b) Glycolysis: (1) Glucose, NADH; (2) Pyruvate c) Pyruvate processing: (1) Acetyl CoA; (2) Pyruvate, NADH, and CO2. d) Citric acid cycle: (1) Acetyl CoA; (2) NADH, ATP (or GTP), FADH2,, and CO2 - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Citric acid cycle: (1) Acetyl CoA; (2) NADH, ATP (or GTP), FADH2,, and CO2 What is the correct sequence of steps in cellular respiration, starting with glucose? a) glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pyruvate processing, electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation b) glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation, fermentation c) glycolysis, pyruvate processing, citric acid cycle, fermentation d) glycolysis, pyruvate processing, citric acid cycle, electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation - CORRECT ANSWER-d) Glycolysis, pyruvate processing, citric acid cycle, electron transport, oxidative phosplorylation During cellular respiration ____. a) glucose is reduced and there is net hydrolysis of ATP b) glucose is oxidized and there is net production of ATP c) glucose is reduced and there is net production of ATP d) glucose is oxidized and there is net hydrolysis of ATP - CORRECT ANSWER-b) Glucose is oxidized and there is net production of ATP For each molecule of glucose processed during glycolysis, the net yield is ____. a) two molecules of NADH, four of ATP, and two of pyruvate b) two molecules of NADH, two of ATP, and two of pyruvate c) two molecules of NAD+, four of ATP, and two of pyruvate d) two molecules of NAD+, two of ATP, and two of pyruvate - CORRECT ANSWER-b) two molecules of NADH, four of ATP and two of pyruvate. During pyruvate processing, two carbons from pyruvate combine with ____. a) carbon dioxide b) NAD+ c) coenzyme A d) ADP - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Coenzyme A What molecule produced during the citric acid cycle feeds into the electron transport chain? a) FADH2 b) carbon dioxide c) oxygen (O2 d) ATP - CORRECT ANSWER-a) FADH2 For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ acetyl CoA enter the citric acid cycle. a) 4 b) 5 c) 0 d) 2 e) 1 - CORRECT ANSWER-d) 2 For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH + H+ are produced by the citric acid cycle. a) 6 b) 2 c) 0 d) 3 to 6 e) 3 - CORRECT ANSWER-a) 6 In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____. a) photosynthesis b) cellular respiration c) oxidative phosphorylation d) photophosphorylation e) substrate-level phosphorylation - CORRECT ANSWER-c) Oxidative phosporylation